River Tweed




For other rivers with this name, see Tweed River (disambiguation).












































River Tweed

River Tweed at Coldstream.jpg
The River Tweed at Coldstream

Location
Country United Kingdom
Part
Scotland, England
Physical characteristics
Source Tweed's Well
 - location
Tweedsmuir, Scottish Borders, Scotland
 - coordinates 55°26′42″N 3°29′46″W / 55.445°N 3.496°W / 55.445; -3.496

Mouth North Sea
 - location
Berwick-upon-Tweed, Northumberland, England
 - coordinates
55°45′55″N 1°59′27″W / 55.7652°N 1.9909°W / 55.7652; -1.9909Coordinates: 55°45′55″N 1°59′27″W / 55.7652°N 1.9909°W / 55.7652; -1.9909
Length 156 km (97 mi)

The River Tweed, or Tweed Water (Scottish Gaelic: Abhainn Thuaidh, Scots: Watter o Tweid), is a river 97 miles (156 km) long that flows east across the Border region in Scotland and northern England. Tweed (cloth) derives its name from its association with the River Tweed.[1] The Tweed is one of the great salmon rivers of Britain and the only river in England where an Environment Agency rod licence is not required for angling. Tweed is a British name of uncertain meaning.




Contents






  • 1 Course


  • 2 Catchment


  • 3 See also


  • 4 Gallery


  • 5 Notes


  • 6 External links





Course




The catchment area of the Tweed


It flows primarily through the scenic Borders region of Scotland, and eastwards from the settlements on opposing banks of Birgham and Carham forms the historic boundary between Scotland and England. It rises in the Lowther Hills at Tweed's Well near where the Clyde, draining northwest, and the Annan draining south also rise. "Annan, Tweed and Clyde rise oot the ae hillside" is a saying from the Border region. East of Kelso, it becomes a section of the eastern part of the border. Entering England, its lower reaches are in Northumberland, where it enters the North Sea at Berwick-upon-Tweed.



Catchment


The river's valley floor is a drumlin field and the relic of a paleo-ice stream that flowed through the area during the last glaciation. Major towns through which the Tweed flows include Innerleithen, Peebles, Galashiels, Melrose, Kelso, Coldstream and Berwick-upon-Tweed, where it flows into the North Sea. Tweed tributaries include:




  • Whiteadder Water
    • Blackadder Water


  • River Till

  • Eden Water

  • Teviot Water

  • Leader Water

  • Gala Water

  • Leithen Water

  • Quair Water

  • Eddleston Water

  • Manor Water

  • Lyne Water

  • Holms Water


The upper parts of the catchment of the Tweed in Scotland form the area known as Tweeddale, part of which is protected as the Upper Tweeddale National Scenic Area, one of 40 such areas in Scotland which are defined so as to identify areas of exceptional scenery and to ensure its protection from inappropriate development.[2]



See also



  • List of places in the Scottish Borders

  • Tweeddale

  • Anglo–Scottish border

  • Union Bridge

  • Rivers and Fisheries Trusts of Scotland

  • Rivers of the United Kingdom

  • Both sides the Tweed



Gallery






  • The River Tweed at Abbotsford, near Melrose







  • The River Tweed from Mertoun House, near St Boswells







  • The Anglo-Scottish border, with the Tweed on the east. Its estuary and the town of Berwick-upon-Tweed were a late annexation by England.






Notes





  1. ^ Article on Tweed Cloth


  2. ^ "National Scenic Areas". Scottish Natural Heritage. Retrieved 2018-01-17..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}




External links







  • British Waterways: River Tweed

  • The River Tweed Commission website

  • The Tweed Foundation

  • Tweed Forum website

  • River Tweed: Special Area of Conservation (SAC)

  • SEPA (Scottish Environment Protection Agency): River Level Data

  • River Tweed map

  • Gazetteer for Scotland: River Tweed

  • Paper describing palaeo-icestream and landforms in the Tweed Valley

  • Map and aerial photo sources for Tweed's Well and Tweedmouth

  • Open Canoe Hire Specialists










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