出版物
Multi tool use
出版物(出版、出版品)指以传播文化和知识为目的的各种产品包括印刷品、电子产品的总称,属于传播文化知识的媒体。分为书籍、期刊、报纸和电子传播产品(电子出版物)等种类。
书籍,传统意义上指传播各种知识为主的出版物,通常为纸张合订的印刷品;现代意义包括电子书籍。
刊物,常为书籍以外的出版物,分为定期和不定期发行刊物,有的刊物属于书籍的范畴如杂志。包括报纸、杂志、专刊、电子刊物(含各种电子专辑如音乐专辑)等。根据其发行对象(受众)来划分,分为内部刊物和公开发行两种。
期刊,属于定期发行的刊物。
书刊,为图书和刊物的合称。
电子出版物,包括磁带、唱片、VCD、DVD、光碟、电子书籍、电子辞典等,广义上还包括影视作品的电子拷贝。
未刊本,作者在世时未出版的书籍、簽名本、畫集、圖片集等作品。[1][2]但因作者的影響力,作者过世后民眾有意購買或收藏。亦有一些密書或禁書被列為未刊本。[3][4]
法律定义
1906年,清朝发布《大清印刷物件专律》,其中使用了印刷物件和记载物件的概念,但并未出现出版物的概念[5]。
1914年,中华民国北洋政府公布《出版法》,使用了出版物的概念,但是未直接对出版物作解释,只提供了出版的概念[5]。
1930年,中华民国政府公布的《出版法》,使用了出版品的类似概念:“本法称出版品者,谓用机械或化学方法所引述,而供出售或散步之文书图画。”[5]
1997年,中华人民共和国政府颁布《出版管理条例》,将出版物定义为包括报纸、期刊、图书、音像制品、电子出版物等。
特点
- 以出版为主的生产或产业领域,称为出版业。
- 以商业利益为目的,面向社会公众发行的出版物,均受版权(著作权)的制约。
- 任何社会形态和政治制度的政府或政权,出版物的生产、发行,均受到管制,其行政管理部门多为版权局。
参考文献
^ 新一批哈佛大学图书馆馆藏未刊中国旧海关史料发布
^ 惠州首部大型乡邦文献总集《惠州文征》首发
^ 名人信札受捧 拍卖溢价翻几番.
^ 《丁玲传》作者:她的命运跟革命紧紧相连
^ 5.05.15.2 taozheng. 第四章 出版物. 上海理工大学.
参见
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