振幅

Multi tool use
Multi tool use




振幅是在波动或振动中距离平衡位置或静止位置的最大位移。符号A，单位米。振幅屬於標量，振幅永为非負值（≥0）。


在下图中，位移“y”表示波的振幅。


Wave.png

系統振動中最大動態位移，稱為振幅。


概念辨析（振幅≠幅度）：



  1. “振幅”是专有名词，是術語，概念明确，清晰唯一；“幅度”是一般名词，生活用词，概念宽汎，所指不一；

  2. “振幅”是位移最大值（中心算起），并非完全是“振動幅度”（起點不明）。或者説：（詞義）“振幅”=（詞義）“振動幅度”；但是，（術語）“振幅”≠（詞組）“振動幅度”；詞語升格為術語必定是限定條件下的更爲嚴格的語義，即同一名詞，其作爲術語必定是原本一般詞義的子集，其意義縮小、嚴格化，且僅爲專用。

  3. “幅度”是范围，未指明参考点，常默指最大範圍，即包絡區域。其可指“两倍振幅”（按包絡區域算），亦可指“振幅”（震荡中心算起）；


  4. 教學及工作時應對“幅度”一词：高度敏感，且弃用。注意辨別，防止言者所说和听者所解不一而导致誤解，甚至嚴重後果。



参见



  • 波

  • 频率

  • 週期

  • 波长

  • 干涉








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