天道教

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天道教

Cheondoist flag.PNG
天道教旗帜


朝鲜语名稱
諺文
천도교
汉字
天道敎


文观部式
Cheondogyo
马-赖式
Ch'ŏndogyo

天道教是朝鲜半岛的一個新興宗教。


天道教的前身是由崔濟愚創立的東學。朝鮮王朝末期，1860年代的朝鲜王朝处于西方势力的威胁之下，崔济愚担心朝鲜传统的宗教将被天主教代替，综合了朝鲜传统宗教的重要的因素，创立了“东学”，与“西学”相对。他将儒释道三家思想融为一体，立五伦五常，居仁行义，正心诚意，修己及人，取儒教；以慈悲平等为主旨，舍身救世，洁净道场，口诵神咒，取佛教；悟玄机，蠲名利，无欲清净以持身，炼磨心神，取道教。


崔济愚的东学被朝鮮高宗视为异端邪说。光武九年（1905年），第三任教祖孙秉熙改东学教为“天道教”，以与“天主教”相对，同时为了与親日派李容九創立的侍天教（朝鲜语：시천교）做區别。孙秉熙说“天道”就是无极大道，“儒之伦理、佛之觉性、仙之养气，乃人性之自然品赋，天道之固有部分，吾道乃其无极大源也”。韩国现约有280所天道教教堂，约有113万名信徒，在首爾的21所教堂里有20万名信徒。


天道教的经文有純漢文書寫的《東經大典（朝鲜语：동경대전）》以及谚文書寫的《龍潭遺詞（朝鲜语：용담유사）》。


朝鲜的政党中有天道教青友党，主要由信仰天道教的农民组成。



参考文献





參見



  • 東學


  • 朝鲜儒教、朝鲜道教、朝鲜佛教

  • 東學黨起義

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