鹿





消歧義  本文介绍的是动物。

  • 關於中国姓氏，請見「鹿姓」。

  • 關於部首，請見「鹿部」。



鹿是偶蹄目反刍亚目中的一类区别于牛、羊等的动物。在不同情况下，鹿的概念的外延广狭多有不同：



  • 《中国大百科全书》依照动物分类学进行定义，释鹿为“偶蹄目鹿科动物的统称”。《现代汉语词典》也定义到科。


  • 动物学专著《中国鹿类动物》把鹿类动物定义为“反刍亚目的鹿上科，包括麝科和鹿科动物”，定义到总科。


  • 汉语的基本范畴中，鹿的外延则较广，鼷鹿和长颈鹿等也被包括在内，相当于反刍亚目内牛科和叉角羚科之外的所有动物的统称。


具体的科属分类系统如下：


反刍亚目 Ruminantia




鼷鹿总科 Traguloidea

鼷鹿科 Tragulidae



长颈鹿总科 Giraffoidea

长颈鹿科 Giraffidae



鹿总科 Cervoidea


麝科 Moschidae

麝属 Moschus



鹿科 Cervidae


獐亚科 Hydropotinae

獐属 Hydropotes



鹿亚科 Cervinae


麂族 Muntiacini


毛冠鹿属 Elaphodus


麂属 Muntiacus




鹿族 Cervini


轴鹿属 Axis


鹿属 Cervus


麋鹿属 Elaphurus






美洲鹿亚科 Odocoileinae


狍族 Capreolini

狍属 Capreolus



驼鹿族 Alcini

驼鹿属 Alces



美洲鹿族 Odocoileini

驯鹿属 Rangifer










参考


  • 盛和林 等著 《中国鹿类动物》 华东师范大学出版社 1992年 ISBN 7-5617-0795-9


參見


  • 以「鹿」開頭的條目












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