擔孢子（英语：Basidiospore）是擔子菌門（包括傘菌、木耳、鏽菌、黑粉菌等）的真菌所產生的有性孢子（英语：Teleomorph, anamorph and holomorph）。一般來說擔孢子是由特化的結構擔子經由減數分裂產生，具有單套（n）的細胞核。擔子位於擔子菌子實體的子實層中（傘菌的子實層位於蕈褶），由一或多個細胞組成，減數分裂進行時，擔子末端會膨大產生四個小梗（英语：Sterigma），減數分裂完成後產生的四個細胞核則會分別移入各個小梗的末端，以生成擔孢子。
^Donk, M.A. A conspectus of the families of Aphyllophorales. Persoonia. 1963, 3 (3): 226.
^ 2.02.1Saksena HK. Nuclear Phenomena In The Basidium Of Ceratobasidium Praticolum (Kotila) Olive. Canadian Journal of Botany. 2011, 39 (3): 717–725. doi:10.1139/b61-058.
^ 3.03.1Halbwachs, Hans; Bässler, Claus. Gone with the wind – a review on basidiospores of lamellate agarics (PDF). Mycosphere. 2015, 6 (1): 78–112.
^Li, De-Wei. Five trillion basidiospores in a fruiting body of Calvatia gigantia(PDF). Mycosphere. 2011, 2 (4): 457–462.
^Watkinson, Sarah C.; Boddy, Lynne; Money, Nicholas. The Fungi. Academic Press. 2015: 86. ISBN 978-0-12-382035-8.
^Pringle A, Patek SN, Fischer M, Stolze J, Money NP. The captured launch of a ballistospore. Mycologia. 2005, 97 (4): 866–71. PMID 16457355.
^Hassett MO, Fischer MW, Money NP. Mushrooms as Rainmakers: How Spores Act as Nuclei for Raindrops. PLoS ONE. 2015, 10 (10): e0140407. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140407.
^Ingold CT. Observations On Spores And Their Germination In Certain Heterobasidiomycetes. Transactions of the British Mycological Society. 1985, 85 (3): 417–423. doi:10.1016/S0007-1536(85)80035-8.
^K Wells, RJ Bandoni. David J. McLaughlin, Joseph W. Spatafora, 编. Systematics and Evolution. Springer. 2001: 87.
查
论
编
微生物学: 真菌
結構
繁殖/孢子
有性型/有性的（英语：Teleomorph, anamorph and holomorph）： 接合孢子
子囊孢子/子囊
擔孢子/擔子/冬孢子（英语：Teliospore）
無性型/無性的（英语：Teleomorph, anamorph and holomorph）： 孢子囊
This article is about the letter of the alphabet. For other uses, see Y (disambiguation). See also: Wye (disambiguation) Y Y y (See below) Usage Writing system Latin script Type Alphabetic and Logographic Language of origin Latin language Phonetic usage [ y ] [ ɨ ] [ j ] [ iː ] [ ɪ ] [ ɘ ] [ ə ] [ ɯ ] [ ɛː ] [ j ] [ ɥ ] [ ɣ̟ ] / w aɪ / / aɪ / Unicode value U+0059, U+0079 Alphabetical position 25 History Development Υ υ 𐌖 Y y Time period 54 to present Descendants • U • V • W • Ỿ • ¥ • Ꮙ • Ꮍ • Ꭹ Sisters F Ѵ У Ў Ұ Ү ו و ܘ וּ וֹ ࠅ 𐎆 𐡅 ወ વ ૂ ુ उ Variations (See below) Other Other letters commonly used with y(x), ly, ny This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. ISO basic Latin alphabet Aa Bb Cc D...
Mount Tamalpais Mount Tamalpais, viewed from the south Highest point Elevation 2,571 ft (784 m) NAVD 88 [1] Prominence 2,456 ft (749 m) [1] Listing California county high points 55th Coordinates 37°55′45″N 122°34′40″W / 37.929088°N 122.577829°W / 37.929088; -122.577829 Coordinates: 37°55′45″N 122°34′40″W / 37.929088°N 122.577829°W / 37.929088; -122.577829 [1] Geography Mount Tamalpais Marin County, California, U.S. Show map of California Mount Tamalpais Mount Tamalpais (the US) Show map of the US Parent range California Coast Ranges Topo map USGS San Rafael Geology Mountain type Sedimentary Climbing First ascent 1830s by Jacob P. Leese (first recorded ascent) [2] Easiest route Railroad Grade fire trail Mount Tamalpais ( / t æ m əl ˈ p aɪ . ɪ s / ; TAM -əl- PY -iss ; Coast Miwok: /t̪ɑmɑlˈpɑis̺/ , known locally as Mount Tam ) is a peak in Marin County, California, United State...
Indian Forest Service Service Overview Preceding service Imperial Forest Service (1864 to 1935) Year of Constitution 1966 Country India Staff College Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA), Dehradun, Uttarakhand Cadre Controlling Authority Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change Legal personality Governmental: Government service General nature Administration of Forest and Wildlife resources Cadre strength 3131 (2182 Direct Recruits and 949 Promotion Posts) Website ifs.nic.in Service Chief Director General of Forests Siddhanth Das, IFS (1982 Batch, Odisha Cadre) [1] Head of the All India Civil Services Cabinet Secretary Pradeep Kumar Sinha, IAS Indian Forest Service (भारतीय वन सेवा) [2] is one of the three All India Services of the Government of India. The other two All India Services being the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Police Service (IPS). [3] [4] [5] It was constituted in...
分类
维基共享
主题
专题
