投資報酬率

































































投資報酬率（return on investment，简称 ROI），經濟學名詞，指投資後所得的收益與成本間的百分比率。


投資報酬率一般可分為總報酬率(持有期間報酬率)和年報酬率。總報酬率是不論資金投入時間，直接計算總共的報酬率，亦即：總報酬率=利润/投入成本。


投資期間的總利潤通常包含資本利得(資本收益)與非資本利得性之收益。若以股票報酬率來舉例，投資期間的資本利得為買進賣出間的價差，非資本利得性的收益通常為現金股利。因此股票的持有期間報酬率又可拆解為其資本收益率以及股利收益率的總和。


年報酬率則是計算平均資金投入一年所得到的報酬率，又可以分為兩類：



  1. 平均報酬率，其算法直接將總報酬率除以資金投入的年數。例如投入三年，賺30%，年平均報酬率即為10%。

  2. 內部報酬率，或稱為複利報酬率，將每年獲利的再投資也考慮進去，可以更精確地反映報酬的多寡。其算法為：(總報酬率+1)開年數的方，再减1。例如，投入兩年，賺44%，年內部報酬率就是1.44開平方減1，亦即20%。



参見


  • 利潤率



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