籼稻














 

如何讀生物分類框
籼稻

Basumati
Basumati


科學分類






































域：
真核域 Eukarya
界：
植物界 Plantae
門：
被子植物門 Magnoliophyta
綱：
單子葉植物綱 Liliopsida
目：
禾本目 Poales
科：
禾本科 Poaceae
屬：
稻属 Oryza
種：
稻 O. sativa

亞種：
籼稻
O. s. ssp. indica


三名法

Oryza sativa ssp. indica
Kato

異名

Oryza sativa ssp. hsien Ting



秈稻（「秈」，拼音：xiān，注音：ㄒㄧㄢ，音同「仙」）（学名：Oryza sativa subsp. indica）或秈米[1]，亦有稱絲苗米（港澳）或在來米（台灣），是稻米的一個亞種。秈稻，又稱旱稻，生長適合長日照，比粳稻耐熱耐旱，米粒長但粘性差，与粳稻相比，米粒中蛋白質和直链澱粉含量均较高[2]。生長期短，可以輪作，產量高。傳統上，華中、華南、台灣、印度及中南半島出產的米為秈米，而中國淮河以北、西南高海拔地區及日本、朝鮮等地所種植的稻米品種為粳米。在長江流域可進行稻麥輪作，在華南地區可實行一年兩熟甚至三熟。著名的有泰國茉莉香米和增城絲苗。


早期台灣原住民栽種的稻米是以小米為主，直到明鄭鄭成功來到台灣、發現台灣很適合栽種水稻，才開始由中國大陸引進台灣大量栽種，因此開啟台灣稻米王國的開始。但是台灣稻米的基礎工程奠定在日治時代，當時日本政府以「工業日本、農業台灣」的殖民策略投入經營台灣的蔗糖與稻米產業，大力建設嘉南平原的水利工程，並將所生產的蔗糖及稻米運回日本，但是當時台灣所種植的稻米品種為米粒較長的秈米，日本人稱之為「在來米」意指台灣在地本來就有的米，口感比日本人習慣的粳米差，因此日本人育種出了適合台灣耕種的粳米品種蓬萊米。
近來台灣育種出台中10號，其為秈稻品種，口感卻接近粳米。



圖片區






  • 茉莉香米 / 絲苗米(Jasmine)







  • Basmati






参考文獻





  1. ^ "秈"字,異體字解說 教育部異體字字典/臺灣/中華民國 擷取


  2. ^ 粳米籼米营养大ＰＫ. 新华网. [2014-12-03]. （原始内容存档于2009-02-21）. 









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