氢溴酸












































































































氢溴酸


识别

CAS号
10035-10-6  ✓

PubChem
260

ChemSpider
255

SMILES


InChI


InChIKey
CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYAZ

EINECS
233-113-0

ChEBI
47266

RTECS
 MW3850000
性质

化学式
HBr

摩尔质量
 80.91 g·mol⁻¹
外观
 无色液体

密度
 不定

熔点
 根据浓度不同而有变化

沸点
 根据浓度不同而有变化

溶解性（水）
 水溶液

pKa
−9
危险性

警示术语
 R：R34, R37

安全术语
 S：S1/2, S7/9, S26, S45

欧盟分类
 腐蚀性 (C)

NFPA 704

NFPA 704.svg

0

3

0

 

闪点
 不可燃
相关物质
其他阴离子
氢氟酸，氢氯酸，氢碘酸
相关化学品
溴化氢
若非注明，所有数据均出自一般条件（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

氢溴酸是溴化氢的水溶液，其pKa为−9，酸性比盐酸强，但比氢碘酸弱。它是最强的无机酸之一。


室温下饱和氢溴酸的浓度为68.85%（质量比），恒沸混合物中含47.38%质量HBr，沸点126°C。




目录






  • 1 化學性質


  • 2 用途


  • 3 合成


  • 4 参考资料


  • 5 外部链接





化學性質


氫溴酸是強電解質,因此也是強酸


HBr+H2O→H3O++Br-



用途


氢溴酸主要被用于生产无机溴化物，清除醇盐和酚盐，取代反应中取代羟基，以及与烯烃加成。它也可以催化矿物提取和某些烷基化反应。[1]



合成


实验室中可由Br2、SO2和水反应，非氧化性酸（磷酸或乙酸）与溴化物反应，[2]或将无水HBr溶于水制取氢溴酸。


工业上氢溴酸是通过水、溴和硫或磷反应或电解法[2]来制取的。



参考资料





  1. ^ Carlin, W. W. U.S. Patent 4,147,601


  2. ^ 2.02.1 Scott, A. (1900) Preparation of pure hydrobromic acid. J. Chem. Soc. Trans., 648-650.




外部链接



  • 国际化学品安全卡0282

  • NIOSH化学品安全资料





规范控制

  • GND: 4203952-6



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