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Assembly of the Republic
; Assembly of the Republic ; Assembleia da República;
	; Emblem of the Assembly of the Republic;
	; Flag of the Assembly of the Republic;
Type
Type	; Unicameral
Leadership
President of the Assembly	; Eduardo Ferro Rodrigues, PS ; Since 23 October 2015
Vice-Presidents	; José de Matos Correia (PSD); Jorge Lacão (PS); José Manuel Pureza (BE); Teresa Caeiro (CDS-PP)
Structure
Seats	230
Political groups	; Government (86); ; PS (86); ; Confidence and supply (36); ; ; ; BE (19); ; ; PCP–PEV (17); ; PCP (15); ; ; PEV (2); ; ; ; ; ; Opposition (108); ; ; PSD (89); ; CDS-PP (18); ; ; PAN (1); ; ;
Elections
Voting system	; Party-list proportional representation; D'Hondt method; Closed list;
Last election	4 October 2015
Next election	October 2019 or earlier
Meeting place
	; São Bento Palace, Lisbon, Portugal;
Website
	Assembleia da República

The Assembly of the Republic (Portuguese: Assembleia da República, pronounced [ɐsẽˈblɐjɐ dɐ ʁɛˈpublikɐ]) is the parliament of the Portuguese Republic. According to the Portuguese Constitution, the unicameral parliament "is the representative assembly of all Portuguese citizens." The constitution names the assembly as one of the country's organs of supreme authority.

It is located in a historical building in Lisbon, referred to as Palácio de São Bento (Palace of Saint Benedict), the site of an old Benedictine monastery. The Palácio de São Bento has been the seat of the Portuguese parliaments since 1834 (Cortes until 1910, Congress from 1911 to 1926 and National Assembly from 1933 to 1974).

Powers and duties of the Assembly

The Assembly of the Republic's powers derives from its power to dismiss a government through a vote of no confidence, to change the country's laws, and to amend the constitution (this one requires a majority of two-thirds). In addition to these key powers, the constitution grants to the Assembly extensive legislative powers and substantial control over the budget, the right to authorize the government to raise taxes and grant loans, the power to ratify treaties and other kinds of international agreements, and the duty to approve or reject decisions by the President of the Republic to declare war and make peace. The assembly also appoints many members of important state institutions, such as ten of the thirteen members of the Constitutional Court and seven of the sixteen members of the Council of State.

The constitution requires the assembly to quickly review and approve an incoming government's program. Parliamentary rules allow the assembly to call for committees of inquiry to examine the government's actions. Political opposition represented in the assembly has the power to review the cabinet's actions, even though it is unlikely that the actions can be reversed. Party groups can also call for interpellations that require debates about specific government policies.

Structure

The assembly consisted at first of 250 members, but the constitutional reforms of 1989 reduced its number to between 180 and 230. Members are elected by popular vote for legislative terms of four years from the country's twenty-two constituencies (eighteen in mainland Portugal corresponding to each district, one for each autonomous regions, Azores (Portuguese: Açores) and Madeira, one for Portuguese living in Europe and a last one for those living in the rest of the world. Except for the constituencies for Portuguese living abroad, which are fixed at two members each, the number of voters registered in a constituency determines the number of its members in the assembly, using the D'Hondt method of proportional representation. Constituencies vary greatly in size; from as large as the district of Lisbon, which returns 47 representatives, to as small as the district of Portalegre, which elects just two.

For the 2015 legislative elections, the MPs distributed by districts were as follows:^[1]

District	Number of MPs	Map
Lisbon	47
Porto	39
Braga	19
Setúbal	18
Aveiro	16
Leiria	10
Coimbra, Faro, Santarém and Viseu	9
Madeira and Viana do Castelo	6
Azores and Vila Real	5
Guarda and Castelo Branco	4
Beja, Bragança and Évora	3
Portalegre, Europe and Outside Europe	2

According to the constitution, members of the assembly represent the entire country, not the constituency from which they are elected. This directive has been reinforced in practice by the strong role of political parties in regard to members of the assembly. Party leadership, for example, determines in which areas candidates are to run for office, thus often weakening members' ties to their constituencies. Moreover, members of the assembly are expected to vote with their party and to work within parliamentary groups based on party membership. Party discipline is strong, and insubordinate members can be coerced through a variety of means. A further obstacle to members' independence is that their bills first have to be submitted to the parliamentary groups, and it is these groups' leaders who set the assembly's agenda.

The President of the Assembly of the Republic is the second hierarchical figure in the Portuguese state, after the President of the Portuguese Republic, and is elected by secret vote of the members of parliament. The President of the Assembly is aided by four vice-presidents, nominated by the other parties represented in the parliament, and is usually the speaker.^{[original research?]} When he is not present, one of the vice-presidents takes the role of speaker. When the President of the Republic is, for any reason, unable to perform to job, the President of the Assembly of the Republic becomes his substitute.

Current composition

Party		Caucus leader	Seats	%
	Social Democratic Party	Fernando Negrão	89	38.7
	Socialist Party	Carlos César	86	37.4
	Left Bloc	Pedro Filipe Soares	19	8.3
	People's Party	Nuno Magalhães	18	7.8
	Portuguese Communist Party	João Oliveira	15	6.5
	Ecologist Party "The Greens"	Heloísa Apolónia	2	0.9
	People-Animals-Nature	André Silva	1	0.4
Total			230	100.0

Latest election

e • d Summary of the 4 October 2015 Assembly of the Republic elections results
Parties		Votes	%	±pp swing	MPs					MPs %/ votes %

Parties		Votes	%	±pp swing	2011	2015	±	%	±	MPs %/ votes %
	Portugal Ahead (PSD / CDS–PP)^[a]	1,993,504	36.86	10.9	124	102	22	44.35	10.5	1.20
	Socialist	1,747,730	32.32	4.3	74	86	12	37.39	5.2	1.16
	Left Bloc	550,945	10.19	5.0	8	19	11	8.26	4.8	0.81
	Unitary Democratic Coalition	445,901	8.25	0.4	16	17	1	7.39	0.4	0.90
	Social Democratic^[b]	80,841	1.49	N/A	7	5	2	2.17	0.9	1.45
	People-Animals-Nature	75,170	1.39	0.4	0	1	1	0.43	0.4	0.31
	Democratic Republican	61,920	1.13	N/A	N/A	0	N/A	0.00	N/A	0.0
	Portuguese Workers' Communist	60,045	1.11	0.0	0	0	0	0.00	0.0	0.0
	FREE/Time to move forward	39,330	0.73	N/A	N/A	0	N/A	0.00	N/A	0.0
	National Renovator	27,286	0.50	0.2	0	0	0	0.00	0.0	0.0
	Earth	22,627	0.42	0.0	0	0	0	0.00	0.0	0.0
	We, the Citizens!	21,382	0.40	N/A	N/A	0	N/A	0.00	N/A	0.0
	Labour / Socialist Alternative (ACT!)	20,793	0.38	N/A	N/A	0	N/A	0.00	N/A	0.0
	People's Monarchist	14,916	0.28	0.0	0	0	0	0.00	0.0	0.0
	Together for the People	14,275	0.26	N/A	N/A	0	N/A	0.00	N/A	0.0
	United Party of Retirees and Pensioners	13,899	0.26	N/A	N/A	0	N/A	0.00	N/A	0.0
	People's^[c]	7,496	0.14	N/A	1	0	1	0.00	0.4	0.0
	People's / People's Monarchist^[d]	3,624	0.07	N/A	0	0	0	0.00	0.0	0.0
	Christian Democratic and Citizenship	2,685	0.05	0.1	0	0	0	0.00	0.0	0.0
	Labour^[e]	1,744	0.03	N/A	0	0	0	0.00	0.0	0.0
Total valid		5,206,113	96.27	0.4	230	230	0	100.00	0.0	—
Blank ballots		112,955	2.09	0.6
Invalid ballots		89,024	1.65	0.3
Total (turnout 55.84%)		5,408,092	100.00	2.2
Source: Diário da República - Resultados Oficias

Vote share

PàF			36.86%
PS			32.32%
BE			10.19%
CDU			8.25%
PSD			1.49%
PAN			1.39%
PDR			1.13%
PCTP/MRPP			1.11%
L/TDA			0.73%
PNR			0.50%
Others			2.29%
Blank/Invalid			3.74%

Distribution by constituency

e • d Results of the 2015 election of the Portuguese Assembly of the Republic
by constituency
Constituency	%	S	%	S	%	S	%	S	%	S	%	S	Total S
Constituency	PàF		PS		BE		CDU		PSD		PAN		Total S
Azores			40.3	3	7.8	-	2.5	-	36.1	2	0.9	-	5
Aveiro	48.1	10	27.9	5	9.6	1	4.4	-			1.0	-	16
Beja	20.1	1	37.3	1	8.2	-	25.0	1			0.8	-	3
Braga	45.6	10	30.9	7	8.8	1	5.2	1			0.8	-	19
Bragança	49.4	2	34.1	1	5.5	-	3.1	-			0.6	-	3
Castelo Branco	35.3	2	38.9	2	10.0	-	6.0	-			0.8	-	4
Coimbra	37.2	4	35.3	4	9.9	1	7.0	-			1.0	-	9
EvoraÉvora	23.9	1	37.5	1	8.6	-	21.9	1			0.9	-	3
Faro	31.5	3	32.8	4	14.1	1	8.7	1			2.0	-	9
Guarda	45.6	2	33.8	2	7.4	-	4.0	-			0.9	-	4
Leiria	48.4	6	24.8	3	9.7	1	5.1	-			1.2	-	10
Lisbon	34.7	18	33.5	18	10.9	5	9.8	5			2.0	1	47
Madeira			20.9	2	10.7	1	3.6	-	37.8	3	1.8	-	6
Portalegre	27.6	1	42.4	1	9.2	-	12.2	-			0.8	-	2
Porto	39.6	17	32.7	14	11.1	5	6.8	3			1.6	-	39
Santarém	35.8	4	32.9	3	10.8	1	9.6	1			1.2	-	9
Setúbal	22.6	5	34.3	7	13.1	2	18.8	4			1.9	-	18
Viana do Castelo	45.5	4	29.8	2	8.0	-	5.2	-			0.9	-	6
Vila Real	51.0	3	33.1	2	5.2	-	3.0	-			0.6	-	5
Viseu	51.1	6	29.7	3	6.7	-	3.5	-			0.7	-	9
Europe	39.1	1	29.9	1	5.8	-	5.9	-			0.9	-	2
Rest of the World	48.5	2	10.8	-	1.6	-	1.5	-			1.8	-	2
Total	36.9	102	32.3	86	10.2	19	8.3	17	1.5	5	1.4	1	230
Source: Legislativas 2015

Composition of the Assembly of the Republic since 1975

1975-1976

1976-1979

1979-1980

1980-1983

1983-1985

1985-1987

1987-1991

1991-1995

1995-1999

1999-2002

2002-2005

2005-2009

2009-2011

2011-2015

2015-present

Presidents of the Assembly of the Republic

Members

Notes

^ Electoral lists only in continental Portugal.

^ Electoral list only in Madeira and Azores.

^ Electoral list only in Madeira.

^ Electoral list only in Azores.

^ Electoral list only in Madeira.

References

^ "Mapa Oficial nº 2-A 2015" (PDF)..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}

External links

Official website

[Listas_PSD/CDS-2] Electoral lists only in continental Portugal.

[Listas_PSD-3] Electoral list only in Madeira and Azores.

[Listas_CDS-M-4] Electoral list only in Madeira.

[Listas_CDS-A-5] Electoral list only in Azores.

[Listas_PTP-6] Electoral list only in Madeira.

[CNE-1] "Mapa Oficial nº 2-A 2015" (PDF)..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}

v t e Lists of members of the Portuguese Parliament
Assembly of the Republic	1980–83 1983–85 1985–87 1987–91 1991–95 1995–99 1999–02 2002–05 2005–09 2009–11 2011–15 current (former)
See also Politics of Portugal Political parties in Portugal Elections in Portugal

v t e Parliament of Europe
Sovereign states	Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom Vatican City
States with limited recognition	Abkhazia Artsakh Kosovo Northern Cyprus South Ossetia Transnistria
Dependencies and other entities	Åland Faroe Islands Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Svalbard
Other entities	European Union

v t e National unicameral legislatures
Federal	Comoros Iraq Federated States of Micronesia United Arab Emirates Venezuela
Unitary	Albania Andorra Angola Armenia Azerbaijan Bangladesh Benin Botswana Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad China Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Cyprus Denmark Djibouti Dominica East Timor Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Eritrea Estonia Fiji Finland Gambia Georgia Ghana Greece Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Honduras Hungary Iceland Iran Israel Kiribati North Korea South Korea Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Latvia Lebanon Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Malawi Maldives Mali Malta Marshall Islands Mauritania Mauritius Moldova Monaco Mongolia Montenegro Mozambique Nauru New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Norway Palestine Panama Papua New Guinea Peru Portugal Qatar Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa San Marino São Tomé and Príncipe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Solomon Islands Sri Lanka Suriname Sweden Syria Tanzania Thailand Togo Tonga Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Tuvalu Uganda Ukraine Vanuatu Vatican City Vietnam Yemen Zambia
Dependent and other territories	Åland Islands Anguilla Aruba British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Curaçao Falkland Islands Faroe Islands French Polynesia Gibraltar Greenland Guam Guernsey Hong Kong Jersey Macau Montserrat New Caledonia Pitcairn Islands Saint Barthélemy Saint Helena Saint Martin Saint Pierre and Miquelon Sint Maarten Tokelau Turks and Caicos Islands U.S. Virgin Islands Wales Wallis and Futuna
Non-UN states	Abkhazia Artsakh Cook Islands Kosovo Niue Northern Cyprus Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic South Ossetia Taiwan Transnistria
Historical	Czechoslovakia (1948–1969) Irish Republic (1919–22) Scotland Sicily South African Republic
Related	Bicameralism List of legislatures by country
National bicameral legislatures National lower houses National upper houses

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