额我略圣歌










14-15世纪的赞美圣亨利的祭文 Gaudeamus omnes，以四线谱记谱法记录。


Gaudeamus omnes（纪念芬兰主教圣亨利弥撒的祭文）


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額我略聖歌（拉丁語：Cantus Gregorianus）[註 1]是西方基督教单声圣歌的主要传统，是一种单声部、无伴奏的天主教會宗教音乐。額我略聖歌主要是在第8世纪和第9世纪，法兰克人到达西欧和中欧期间发展起来，后来继续有所增加和编写。通常人们认为是教宗額我略一世发明了额我略圣咏，但学者们认为是在后来的加洛林王朝时期，综合了罗马圣咏和高卢圣咏而形成。


额我略圣咏共有8种调式。传统上，额我略圣咏由男人或男孩组成的唱诗班在教堂中演唱。




目录






  • 1 历史


    • 1.1 早期单声圣歌的发展




  • 2 注释


  • 3 参考文献


    • 3.1 引用


    • 3.2 来源




  • 4 外部链接


  • 5 参见





历史



早期单声圣歌的发展


在基督教会最初的时期，无伴奏的歌唱就已经是基督教礼拜仪式的一部分。直到1990年代中期，古犹太圣诗对早期基督教仪式和圣诗的影响得到广泛公认。但这一观点已不被学者接受，因为分析显示大部分早期基督教圣诗并没有歌本，而这些圣诗在公元70年第二圣殿被毁后，已经有数百年未在犹太会堂中演唱了[1]。不过，早期基督教仪式却是融合了犹太仪式的元素，保存在后来的圣咏传统中。祈祷时刻来源于犹太的祷告时间，“阿们”和“哈利路亚”都来自于希伯来语[2]。


《新约圣经》中提到，在最后晚餐中唱了圣诗：“他们唱了诗，就出来往橄榄山去。”[3]。




根据传说，圣神化为鸽子降临教宗額我略一世，口授额我略圣咏。



注释




  1. ^ 又译为額我略聖詠、额我略平咏、格里高利圣咏、格列高利圣咏、格雷戈里聖詠、葛利果聖歌、貴格利聖歌、貴格利聖詠等



参考文献



引用





  1. ^ David Hiley, Western Plainchant pp. 484-5.


  2. ^ Willi Apel, 额我略圣咏 p. 34.


  3. ^ 《马太福音》第26章第30节




来源


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  • Graduale triplex (1979). Tournai: Desclée& Socii. ISBN 978-2-85274-094-5


  • Liber usualis (1953). Tournai: Desclée& Socii.


  • Apel, Willi. Gregorian Chant. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. 1990. ISBN 0-253-20601-4. 


  • Crocker, Richard. The Early Medieval Sequence. University of California Press. 1977. ISBN 0-520-02847-3. 

  • Hiley, David (1990). Chant. In Performance Practice: Music before 1600, Howard Mayer Brown and Stanley Sadie, eds., pp. 37-54. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. ISBN 978-0-393-02807-2


  • Hiley, David. Western Plainchant: A Handbook. Clarendon Press. 1995. ISBN 0-19-816572-2. 


  • Hoppin, Richard, ed. Anthology of Medieval Music. W. W. Norton & Company. 1978. ISBN 0-393-09080-9. 


  • Hoppin, Richard. Medieval Music. W. W. Norton & Company. 1978. ISBN 0-393-09090-6. 


  • Le Mee, Catherine. Chant: The Origins, Form, Practice, and Healing Power of Gregorian Chant. Harmony. 1994. ISBN 0-517-70037-9. 

  • Mahrt, William P. (2000). Chant. In A Performer's Guide to Medieval Music, Ross Duffin, ed., pp. 1-22. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-33752-8


  • McKinnon, James (编). Antiquity and the Middle Ages. Prentice Hall. 1990. ISBN 0-13-036153-4. 


  • Neuls-Bates, Carol, ed. Women in Music. Boston: Northeastern University Press. 1996. ISBN 1-55553-240-3. 


  • Parrish, Carl. A Treasury of Early Music. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, Inc. 1986. ISBN 0-486-41088-9. 


  • Robinson, Ray (编). Choral Music. W.W. Norton & Co. 1978. ISBN 0-393-09062-0. 

  • Wagner, Peter. (1911) Einführung in die Gregorianischen Melodien. Ein Handbuch der Choralwissenschaft. Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel.


  • Wilson, David. Music of the Middle Ages. Schirmer Books. 1990. ISBN 0-02-872951-X. 




外部链接



  • Geoffrey Chew and Richard Rastall: "Notation", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy (Accessed 27 June 2006), (subscription access)

  • sites of abbeys and schola according to the method of Dom Gajard. Gregedit Gregorian Software[1]

  • H. Bewerung: "Gregorian chant", Catholic Encyclopedia, [2]

  • Joseph Dyer: "Roman Catholic Church Music", Section VI.1, Grove Music Online ed. L. Macy (Accessed 28 June 2006), (subscription access)

  • David Hiley and Janka Szendrei: "Notation", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy (Accessed 12 June 2006), (subscription access)

  • Kenneth Levy: "Plainchant", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy (Accessed 20 January 2006), (subscription access)

  • William P. Mahrt: "Gregorian Chant as a Paradigm of Sacred Music," Sacred Music, 133.3, pp. 5-14 online at MusicaSacra.com

  • James W. McKinnon: "Christian Church, music of the early", Grove Music Online ed. L. Macy (Accessed 11 July 2006), (subscription access)

  • Canticum Novum, Lessons on Gregorian Chant: Notation, characteristics, rhythm, modes, the psalmody and scores at https://web.archive.org/web/20060616141014/http://interletras.com/canticum/Eng/index1_Eng.html

  • Justine Ward, "The Reform of Church Music," Atlantic Monthly, April 1906 online at Musicasacra.com

  • Liber usualis online - MIDI Collection of Traditional Catholic Hymns and chants http://romaaeterna.jp//


  • YouTube上的Gregorian Chant



参见




  • 教宗額我略一世


  • 圣咏、圣诗

  • 基督教音乐

  • 纽姆记谱法



















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羅馬天主教彌撒的额我略圣歌
固定彌撒
 垂怜经 | 光榮頌 | 信經 | 圣哉经 (聖頌) |
讚頌詞 | 信德的奧蹟 | 羔羊頌 | 你們解散去（英语：Ite missa est） 或 讓我們祝福主（英语：Benedicamus Domino）
常用彌撒
 宣 (進堂詩) | 昇階聖詩 | 哈利路亞頌 或 連唱曲 | 繼抒詠 | 獻禮頌 | 領主曲
主咏
 祝文 | 書信經課 | 福音經課 | Secret | Preface | Canon | Postcommunion


























































































规范控制


  • WorldCat Identities

  • AAT: 300265207

  • FAST: 1726631

  • GND: 4021952-5

  • HDS: 11518

  • LCCN: n83725797

  • NDL: 00562582



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