Russian draughts


































Russian draughts

Русские шашки.jpg
Russian draughts starting position

Genre(s)
Board game
Abstract strategy game
Players 2
Setup time 10–60 seconds
Playing time 5 minutes for blitz

15 minutes for rapid


45 minutes for classic
Random chance None
Skill(s) required Strategy

Russian draughts (also known as Shashki or Russian shashki) is a variant of draughts (checkers) played in Russia and some parts of the former USSR, as well as parts of Eastern Europe and Israel.




Contents






  • 1 Rules


  • 2 Notation


  • 3 Sport


  • 4 Games based on main rules of Russian draughts


  • 5 See also


  • 6 External links





Rules


As in all draughts variants, Russian draughts is played by two people, on opposite sides of a playing board, alternating moves. One player has dark pieces, and the other has light pieces. Pieces move diagonally and pieces of the opponent are captured by jumping over them.


The rules of this variant of draughts are:




  • Board. Played on an 8×8 board with alternating dark and light squares. The left down square field should be dark.


  • Starting position. Each player starts with 12 pieces on the three rows closest to their own side. The row closest to each player is called the "crownhead" or "kings row". Usually, the colors of the pieces are black and white, but possible use other colors (one dark and other light). The player with white pieces (lighter color) moves first.


  • Pieces. There are two kinds of pieces: "men" and "kings". Kings are differentiated as consisting of two normal pieces of the same color, stacked one on top of the other or by inverted pieces.


  • Men. Men move forward diagonally to an adjacent unoccupied square.


  • Kings. If a player's piece moves into the kings row on the opposing player's side of the board, that piece to be "crowned", becoming a "king" and gaining the ability to move back or forward and choose on which free square at this diagonal to stop.


  • Capture. If the adjacent square contains an opponent's piece, and the square immediately beyond it is vacant, the opponent's piece may be captured (and removed from the game) by jumping over it. Jumping can be done forward and backward. Multiple-jump moves are possible if, when the jumping piece lands, there is another piece that can be jumped. Jumping is mandatory and cannot be passed up to make a non-jumping move. When there is more than one way for a player to jump, one may choose which sequence to make, not necessarily the sequence that will result in the most amount of captures. However, one must make all the captures in that sequence. A captured piece is left on the board until all captures in a sequence have been made but cannot be jumped again (this rule also applies for the kings).


  • If a man touches the kings row during a capture and can continue a capture, it jumps backwards as a king. The player can choose where to land after the capture.


  • Winning and draws. A player with no valid move remaining loses. This is the case if the player either has no pieces left or if a player's pieces are obstructed from making a legal move by the pieces of the opponent. A game is a draw if neither opponent has the possibility to win the game. The game is considered a draw when the same position repeats itself for the third time, with the same player having the move each time. If one player proposes a draw and his opponent accepts the offer. If a player has three kings (or more) in the game against a single enemy king and his 15th move (counting from the time of establishing the correlation of forces) cannot capture enemy king. If during 15 moves both players moved only kings, without moving any men and without making any capture.



Notation


Games and positions are recorded using a special notation – algebraic notation. The vertical columns of squares are labeled from a to h. The horizontal rows of squares are numbered 1 to 8 starting from White's side of the board. Thus each square of the board has a unique identification of file letter followed by rank number.



  • Move from e3 to d4 are recorded as e3-d4.

  • Move with capture are recorded as c5:e3 (used a colon :).


 1. e3-d4 d6-c5
2. g3-f4?? c5:e3:g5
3. ...










































































a b c d e f g h
8

Chessboard480.svg
b8 black circle

d8 black circle

f8 black circle

h8 black circle

a7 black circle

c7 black circle

e7 black circle

g7 black circle

b6 black circle

d6 black circle

f6 black circle

h6 black circle

a3 white circle

c3 white circle

e3 white circle

g3 white circle

b2 white circle

d2 white circle

f2 white circle

h2 white circle

a1 white circle

c1 white circle

e1 white circle

g1 white circle

8
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
a b c d e f g h

Starting position. White move first.


































































a b c d e f g h
8

Chessboard480.svg
b8 black circle

d8 black circle

f8 black circle

h8 black circle

a7 black circle

c7 black circle

e7 black circle

g7 black circle

b6 black circle

d6 black circle

f6 black circle

h6 black circle

d4 white circle

a3 white circle

c3 white circle

g3 white circle

b2 white circle

d2 white circle

f2 white circle

h2 white circle

a1 white circle

c1 white circle

e1 white circle

g1 white circle

8
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
a b c d e f g h

After 1. e3-d4


































































a b c d e f g h
8

Chessboard480.svg
b8 black circle

d8 black circle

f8 black circle

h8 black circle

a7 black circle

c7 black circle

e7 black circle

g7 black circle

b6 black circle

f6 black circle

h6 black circle

c5 black circle

d4 white circle

a3 white circle

c3 white circle

g3 white circle

b2 white circle

d2 white circle

f2 white circle

h2 white circle

a1 white circle

c1 white circle

e1 white circle

g1 white circle

8
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
a b c d e f g h

After 1. e3-d4 d6-c5


































































a b c d e f g h
8

Chessboard480.svg
b8 black circle

d8 black circle

f8 black circle

h8 black circle

a7 black circle

c7 black circle

e7 black circle

g7 black circle

b6 black circle

f6 black circle

h6 black circle

c5 black circle

d4 white circle

f4 white circle

a3 white circle

c3 white circle

b2 white circle

d2 white circle

f2 white circle

h2 white circle

a1 white circle

c1 white circle

e1 white circle

g1 white circle

8
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
a b c d e f g h

After 2. g3-f4??


































































a b c d e f g h
8

Chessboard480.svg
b8 black circle

d8 black circle

f8 black circle

h8 black circle

a7 black circle

c7 black circle

e7 black circle

g7 black circle

b6 black circle

f6 black circle

h6 black circle

g5 black circle

a3 white circle

c3 white circle

b2 white circle

d2 white circle

f2 white circle

h2 white circle

a1 white circle

c1 white circle

e1 white circle

g1 white circle

8
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
a b c d e f g h

After c5:e3:g5





Sport


Official rules were printed in Russia in 1884. The first Russian championship was held in 1894. The following three took place in 1895, 1898 and 1901.


The first championship in the Soviet Union occurred in 1924. From 1924 to 1991 there were 51 men's championships and 35 women's. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, championships have been held in the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Belarus and other Post-Soviet states.


The first world championship of Russian draughts occurred in 1993 as part of the World championship in draughts-64 (Russian and Brazilian variant — since 1985) under the auspices of the Section-64 World Draughts Federation. The European championship of Russian draughts is held as part of the European championship in draughts-64 (Russian and Brazilian), as well as at national championships.



Games based on main rules of Russian draughts


There are several variants of draughts games based on main rules of Russian draughts. Amongst the most popular ones is ″Poddavki″, where a player wins if he doesn't have any legal moves on his turn (either by giving up all of his checkers or having them being blocked). Another popular variant is called "Bashni" ("Towers"), where captured pieces are not removed from the game, but placed underneath the capturing piece, forming a "tower".


Another variant is played on a 10x8 board (2 additional columns, labelled 'i' and 'k'). There are official championships for shashki and its variants.


Another variant, invented by Grandmaster Vladimir Vigman, exists in which each player has 24 pieces (two full sets) — one on the white squares, second on the black. Each player plays two games simultaneously: one game on the white squares, other game on the dark squares. The total result is the sum of the results of both games.




Position in game Bashni. There are three light towers and one dark.



















































































































































a b c d e f g h i j
8 a8 b8 black circle c8 d8 black circle e8 f8 black circle g8 h8 black circle i8 j8 black circle 8
7 a7 black circle b7 c7 black circle d7 e7 black circle f7 g7 black circle h7 i7 black circle j7 7
6 a6 b6 black circle c6 d6 black circle e6 f6 black circle g6 h6 black circle i6 j6 black circle 6
5 a5 b5 c5 d5 e5 f5 g5 h5 i5 j5 5
4 a4 b4 c4 d4 e4 f4 g4 h4 i4 j4 4
3 a3 white circle b3 c3 white circle d3 e3 white circle f3 g3 white circle h3 i3 white circle j3 3
2 a2 b2 white circle c2 d2 white circle e2 f2 white circle g2 h2 white circle i2 j2 white circle 2
1 a1 white circle b1 c1 white circle d1 e1 white circle f1 g1 white circle h1 i1 white circle j1 1
a b c d e f g h i j

80 square draughts

































































a b c d e f g h
8

Chessboard480.svg
a8 black circle

b8 black circle

c8 black circle

d8 black circle

e8 black circle

f8 black circle

g8 black circle

h8 black circle

a7 black circle

b7 black circle

c7 black circle

d7 black circle

e7 black circle

f7 black circle

g7 black circle

h7 black circle

a6 black circle

b6 black circle

c6 black circle

d6 black circle

e6 black circle

f6 black circle

g6 black circle

h6 black circle

a3 white circle

b3 white circle

c3 white circle

d3 white circle

e3 white circle

f3 white circle

g3 white circle

h3 white circle

a2 white circle

b2 white circle

c2 white circle

d2 white circle

e2 white circle

f2 white circle

g2 white circle

h2 white circle

a1 white circle

b1 white circle

c1 white circle

d1 white circle

e1 white circle

f1 white circle

g1 white circle

h1 white circle

8
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
a b c d e f g h

The Vigman's draughts




See also



  • List of Draughts-64 World Championship winners

  • Tanzanian draughts



External links



  • Official Rules of the game in draughts-64

  • Rules of Official FMJD Section-64 competitions in draughts-64

  • Section-64 FMJD

  • Rules at the official site Draughts Federation of Russia




Popular posts from this blog

Y

Mount Tamalpais

Indian Forest Service