Bahujan Samaj Party




For the Nepalese party, see Bahujan Samaj Party, Nepal.




















































































Bahujan Samaj Party
Abbreviation BSP
President
Mayawati [1]
Secretary-General

  • Satish Chandra Mishra

  • Ram Achal Rajbhar

  • R Sridhar[2]
Rajya Sabha leader Satish Chandra Mishra
Founder Kanshi Ram
Founded 14 April 1984 (34 years ago) (1984-04-14)
Preceded by DSSSS
Headquarters 12, Gurudwara Rakabganj Road, New Delhi, India-110001
Newspaper Bahujan Samaj Bulletin
Volunteer's wing Bahujan Volunteer Force
Ideology
Affirmative action
Human rights
Social equality[3]
Secularism
Social justice[4]
Self respect[5]
Political position Centre-left
Colours
     Blue

ECI Status		 National Party
Alliance BSP-SP-RLD Alliance(On National Level)
United Progressive Alliance (In Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan) (2018-present)
Seats in Lok Sabha

0 / 545

[6](currently 520 members + 1 Speaker)
Seats in Rajya Sabha

4 / 245
Seats in State Legislative Assembly

19 / 403

(Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly)


8 / 100

(Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Parishad)

1 / 223

(Karnataka Legislative Assembly)

2 / 230

(Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly)

6 / 200

(Rajasthan Legislative Assembly)

2 / 90

(Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly)

1 / 81

(Jharkhand Legislative Assembly)

1 / 90

(Haryana Legislative Assembly)
Election symbol
Elephant
Website

no website[7]

  • Politics of India

  • Political parties

  • Elections


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Influential figures




Jyotirao Phule, an Indian activist, thinker, social reformer from Maharashtra. He fought for the eradication of untouchability and the caste system, women's emancipation and the reform of Hindu family life. He also formed the Satyashodhak Samaj (Society of Seekers of Truth) to attain equal rights for peasants and people from lower castes.





B. R. Ambedkar, chief architect of Indian Constitution and first law minister of India who campaigned against untouchability, caste system and also campaigned for the rights of women and labourers.





Narayana Guru (ca. 1854 – 20 September 1928), was a social reformer of India. He was born into a family of the Ezhava caste in an era when people from such communities, which were regarded as Avarna, faced much injustice in the caste-ridden society of Kerala. He led a reform movement in Kerala, rejected casteism, and promoted new values of spiritual freedom and social equality.





Periyar E. V. Ramasamy, an Indian social activist, freedom fighter and politician who started the Self-Respect Movement. He is known as the 'Father of modern Tamilnadu'. He has done exemplary works against Brahminical dominance, caste prevalence and women oppression in Tamilnadu.





Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj was of Indian princely state of Kolhapur. He worked tirelessly for the cause of the lower caste subjects in his state. Primary education to all regardless of caste and creed was one of his most significant priorities.




The Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) is the third largest national political party in India.[8] It was formed mainly to represent Bahujans (literally meaning "People in majority"), referring to people from the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Castes (OBC), as well as religious minorities that together consist of 85 percent[9][10][11][12][13] of India's population but still divided into 6000 different castes.[14][15]


The party claims to be inspired by the philosophy of Gautama Buddha, B. R. Ambedkar, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule, Narayana Guru, Periyar E. V. Ramasamy and Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj.[16] It was founded by Kanshi Ram in 1984, who named his protégée Mayawati as his successor in 2001.


The BSP was the third most voted-for party in the 2014 general election but still failed to win any seats in the 16th Lok Sabha.[17] The BSP has its main base in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. In 2017 Uttar Pradesh elections, BSP was second largest party in terms of vote share with over 22% votes despite winning only 19 seats.[18] It has an elephant as its election symbol. The BSP has no separate youth wing as it has at least 50 percent representation of youth in its organizational structure.[19] BSP has no social media accounts or website.[20] Sudhindra Bhadoria, a senior party leader, is the only official spokesperson of the BSP.[21]




Contents






  • 1 Origin of the word Bahujan


  • 2 History


    • 2.1 Ideology


    • 2.2 Strategy


    • 2.3 Development




  • 3 Success in 2007


    • 3.1 Secret successor of Mayawati




  • 4 Election results


    • 4.1 Lok Sabha (Lower House)


    • 4.2 Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha (Lower House)


    • 4.3 Other states where BSP has a presence


      • 4.3.1 Bihar Vidhan Sabha


      • 4.3.2 Chhattisgarh Vidhan Sabha


      • 4.3.3 Delhi Vidhan Sabha


      • 4.3.4 Haryana Vidhan Sabha


      • 4.3.5 Himachal Pradesh Vidhan Sabha


      • 4.3.6 Jammu and Kashmir Vidhan Sabha


      • 4.3.7 Jharkhand Vidhan Sabha


      • 4.3.8 Karnataka Vidhan Sabha


      • 4.3.9 Kerala Vidhan Sabha


      • 4.3.10 Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha


      • 4.3.11 Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha


      • 4.3.12 Punjab Vidhan Sabha


      • 4.3.13 Rajasthan Vidhan Sabha


      • 4.3.14 Telangana Vidhan Sabha


      • 4.3.15 Uttarakhand Vidhan Sabha






  • 5 See also


  • 6 References


  • 7 External links





Origin of the word Bahujan


The Pali word "Bahujana" is popularly found in the literature of Buddhist texts. Gautama Buddha used this word to guide his disciples to work for the Bahujana Hitaya Bahujana Sukhaya (tran. Benefit and prosperity of majority people).[22][23][24] The BSP used this slogan extensively to campaign in her political rallies.[25]



History



Ideology


The BSP's primary focus is on the uplifting of what it sees as the nation's downtrodden groups. Its self-proclaimed ideology is "Social Transformation and Economic Emancipation" of the "Bahujan Samaj". The "Bahujan Samaj", to them, includes the lower-caste groups in India like the Scheduled Castes (SC), the Scheduled Tribes (ST) and the Other Backward Classes (OBC). It also includes religious minorities like Sikhs, Muslims, Christians, Parsis and Buddhists. They see these groups as having been victims of the "Manuwadi" system for millennia, a system which benefited upper-caste Hindus only. They hold B.R. Ambedkar, champion of lower-caste rights, as one of their key icons and ideological inspirations. They also believe in egalitarianism and hold a strong emphasis on social justice.



Strategy


The Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) was founded on the birth anniversary of Dr. B. R. Ambedkar (i.e. 14 April 1984) by Kanshi Ram,[26] who named former schoolteacher Mayawati as his successor in 2001.[27]



Speaking of lesser-known figures from the Indian Rebellion of 1857 who have been used as Dalit icons by the BSP, such as Avantibai, Uda Devi, Mahaviri Devi[28], Jhalkaribai[29], Matadin Bhangi, Ballu Mehtar, Vira Pasi, Banke Chamar[30] and Chetram Jatav[31], the social scientist Badri Narayan Tiwari has noted that


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Dalit intellectuals supported by BSP, which is trying to mobilise grassroot Dalits using local heroes, histories, myths and legends found a wealth of resources in the oral history of the regions of [Uttar Pradesh] centering around the 1857 rebellion. The political strategy of the party is to tell and retell the stories of these heroes, build memorials and organize celebrations around their stories repeatedly to build a collective memory in the psyche of the people. The stories are narrated in such a manner that the Dalits imagine the story of the making of this nation in which they played a significant role.[32]



Development


The party's power grew quickly with seats in the Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh and the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. In 1993, following the assembly elections, Mayawati formed a coalition with Samajwadi Party President Mulayam Singh Yadav as Chief Minister. On 2 June 1995, she withdrew support from his government, which led to a major incident where Yadav was accused of sending his goons to keep her party legislators hostage at a Lucknow guest house and shout casteist abuses at her.[33] Since this event, they have regarded each other publicly as chief rivals.[34]


Mayawati then obtained support from the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) to become Chief Minister on 3 June 1995. In October 1995, the BJP withdrew their support and fresh elections were called after a period of President's Rule. In 2003, Mayawati resigned from her own government to prove that she was not "hungry for power"[35] and asked the BJP-run Government of India to remove Union Tourism and Culture Minister, Jagmohan.[36] In 2007, she began leading a BSP-formed government with an absolute majority for a full five-year term.[37]




Bahujan Samaj Party claims to represent the low and lowly. A man carrying the BSP flag.



Success in 2007


The results of the May 2007 Uttar Pradesh state assembly eection saw the BSP emerge as a sole majority party, the first to do so since 1991. Mayawati began her fourth term as Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and took her oath of office along with 50 ministers of cabinet and state rank on 13 May 2007, at Rajbhawan in the state capital of Lucknow.[38] Most importantly, the majority achieved in large part was due to the party's ability to take away majority of upper castes votes from their traditional party, the BJP.[39]




Flags of "Bahujan Samaj Party" at Shivaji Park, Mumbai.


The party could manage only 80 seats in 2012 as against 206 in 2007 assembly elections. BSP government was the first in the history of Uttar Pradesh to complete its full five-year term.[40]
On 26 May 2018, the party in a major revamp, Ram Achal Rajbhar was replaced by R S Kushwaha as President of UP Unit.[41]


The 2014 national Lok Sabha elections saw the BSP become the third-largest national party of India in terms of vote percentage, having 4.2% of the vote across the country but gaining no seats.[42]



Secret successor of Mayawati


On 9 August 2009; Mayawati declared that she had chosen a successor from the Dalit community who is 18–20 years her junior. She has penned down his name in a sealed packet left in the safe custody of two of her close confidantes. The name of the successor will be disclosed on her death.[43]



Election results



Lok Sabha (Lower House)




















































































Lok Sabha Term
 Indian
General Election
 Seats
contested
 Seats
won
 % of
votes
 % of votes in
seats contested
 State (seats)

9th Lok Sabha
1989
 245
 3
 2.07
 4.53
 Punjab (1)
Uttar Pradesh (3)[44]

10th Lok Sabha
1991
 231
 3
 1.61
 3.64
 Madhya_Pradesh(1)
Punjab (1)
Uttar Pradesh (1)[45]

11th Lok Sabha
1996
 210
 11
 4.02
 11.21
 Madhya Pradesh(2)
Punjab (3)
Uttar Pradesh (6)

12th Lok Sabha
1998
 251
 5
 4.67
 9.84
 Haryana (1)
Uttar Pradesh (4)

13th Lok Sabha
1999
 225
 14
 4.16
 9.97
 Uttar Pradesh (14)

14th Lok Sabha
2004
 435
 19
 5.33
 6.66
 Uttar Pradesh (19)

15th Lok Sabha
2009
 500
 21
 6.17
 6.56
 Madhya Pradesh(1)
Uttar Pradesh (20)

16th Lok Sabha
2014
 503
 0
 4.19
NA


Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha (Lower House)



























































Vidhan Sabha Term
 UP
elections
 Seats
contested
 Seats
won
 % of
votes
 % of votes in
seats contested
12th Vidhan Sabha
 1993
 164
 67
 11.12
 28.52
13th Vidhan Sabha
 1996
 296
 67
 19.64
 27.73
14th Vidhan Sabha
2002
 401
 98
 23.06
 23.19
15th Vidhan Sabha
2007
 403
 206
 30.43
 30.43
16th Vidhan Sabha
2012
 403
 80
 25.95
 25.95
17th Vidhan Sabha
2017
 403
 19
 22.24
 22.24


Other states where BSP has a presence




As of June 2016, states with BSP presence are shown in blue shades as in accordance to which seats in assemblies varies.



Bihar Vidhan Sabha



































































Vidhan Sabha Term
Bihar
General Election
 Seats
contested
 Seats
won
 % of
votes
 % of votes in
seats contested
10th Vidhan Sabha
 1990
 164
 0
 0.73
 1.41
11th Vidhan Sabha
 1995
 161
 2
 1.34
 2.66
12th Vidhan Sabha
 2000
 249
 5
 1.89
 2.47
13th Vidhan Sabha
 Feb. 2005
 238
 2
 4.41
 4.50
14th Vidhan Sabha
 Oct. 2005
 212
 4
 4.17
 4.75
15th Vidhan Sabha
 2010
 243
 0
 3.21
 3.27
16th Vidhan Sabha
 2015
 228
 0
 2.1
 2.2[46]


Chhattisgarh Vidhan Sabha











































Vidhan Sabha Term
 Chhattisgarh
General Election
 Seats
contested
 Seats
won
 % of
votes
 % of votes in
seats contested
2nd Vidhan Sabha
 2003
 54
 2
 4.45
 6.94
3rd Vidhan Sabha
 2008
 90
 2
 6.11
 6.11
4th Vidhan Sabha
 2013
 90
 1
 4.27
 4.27
5th Vidhan Sabha
 2018
 33
 2
 3.9
 3.9


Delhi Vidhan Sabha



























































Vidhan Sabha Term
 Delhi
General Election
 Seats
contested
 Seats
won
 % of
votes
 % of votes in
seats contested
1st Vidhan Sabha
 1993
 55
 0
 1.80
 2.42
2nd Vidhan Sabha
 1998
 58
 0
 3.09
 3.63
3rd Vidhan Sabha
 2003
 40
 0
 5.76
 8.96
4th Vidhan Sabha
 2008
 70
 2
 14.05
 14.05
5th Vidhan Sabha
 2013
 69
 0
 5.33
 5.44
6th Vidhan Sabha
 2015
 70
 0
 1.31
 1.31


Haryana Vidhan Sabha











































Vidhan Sabha Term
 Haryana
General Election
 Seats
contested
 Seats
won
 % of
votes
 % of votes in
seats contested
10th Vidhan Sabha
 2000
 83
 1
 5.74
 6.22
11th Vidhan Sabha
 2005
 84
 1
 3.22
 3.44
12th Vidhan Sabha
 2009
 86
 1
 6.73
 7.05
13th Vidhan Sabha
 2014
 87
 1[47]
 4.37[48]
 4.52


Himachal Pradesh Vidhan Sabha



































































Vidhan Sabha Term
 Himachal Pradesh
General Election
 Seats
contested
 Seats
won
 % of
votes
 % of votes in
seats contested
7th Vidhan Sabha
 1990
 35
 0
 0.94
 1.76
8th Vidhan Sabha
 1993
 49
 0
 2.25
 3.0
9th Vidhan Sabha
 1998
 28
 0
 1.41
 3.28
10th Vidhan Sabha
 2003
 23
 0
 0.7
 2.02
11th Vidhan Sabha
 2007
 67
 1
 7.40
 7.37
12th Vidhan Sabha
 2012
 67
 0
 1.7
 2.02
13th Vidhan Sabha
 2017
 42
 0
 0.49
 0.79


Jammu and Kashmir Vidhan Sabha











































Vidhan Sabha Term
 Jammu and Kashmir
General Election
 Seats
contested
 Seats
won
 % of
votes
 % of votes in
seats contested
9th Vidhan Sabha
 1996
 29
 4
 6.43
 15.07[49]
10th Vidhan Sabha
 2002
 33
 1
 4.50
 7.86[50]
11th Vidhan Sabha
 2008
 83
 0
 3.73
 3.73[51]
12th Vidhan Sabha
 2014
 50
 0
 1.41
 2.07[52]


Jharkhand Vidhan Sabha



























Vidhan Sabha Term
 Jharkhand
General Election
 Seats
contested
 Seats
won
 % of
votes
 % of votes in
seats contested
3rd Vidhan Sabha
 2009
 78
 0
 2.44
 2.55[53]
4th Vidhan Sabha
 2014
 61[54]
 1[55]
 1.8
 2.4


Karnataka Vidhan Sabha





















Vidhan Sabha Term
 Karnataka
General Election
 Seats
contested
 Seats
won
 Total of
votes
 % of
votes
 % of votes in
seats contested
15th Vidhan Sabha
 2018
 18
 1
 108592
 0.30%
 3.72%


Kerala Vidhan Sabha



























Vidhan Sabha Term
 Kerala
General Election
 Seats
contested
 Seats
won
 % of
votes
 % of votes in
seats contested
13th Vidhan Sabha
 2011
 122
 0
 0.60
 0.70
14th Vidhan Sabha
 2016
 74
 0
 0.24
 0.45


Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha



































































Vidhan Sabha Term
 Madhya Pradesh
General Election
 Seats
contested
 Seats
won
 % of
votes
 % of votes in
seats contested
9th Vidhan Sabha
 1990
 183
 2
 3.54
 5.89
10th Vidhan Sabha
 1993
 286
 2
 7.05
 7.86
11th Vidhan Sabha
 1998
 170
 11
 6.15
 11.39
12th Vidhan Sabha
 2003
 157
 2
 7.26
 10.62
13th Vidhan Sabha
 2008
 230
 7
 8.97
 9.29
14th Vidhan sabha
 2013
 227
 4
 6.29
 6.42
15th Vidhan Sabha
 2018
 230
 2
 5.00


Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha



























































Vidhan Sabha Term
 Maharashtra
General Election
 Seats
contested
 Seats
won
 % of
votes
 % of votes in
seats contested
8th Vidhan Sabha
 1990
 122
 0
 0.42
 0.98
9th Vidhan Sabha
 1995
 145
 0
 1.49
 2.82
10th Vidhan Sabha
 1999
 83
 0
 0.39
 1.24
11th Vidhan Sabha
 2004
 272
 0
 4.0
 4.18
12th Vidhan Sabha
 2009
 287
 0
 2.35
 2.42
13th Vidhan Sabha
 2014
 280[56]
 0
 2.25[57]
 2.33


Punjab Vidhan Sabha



























































Vidhan Sabha Term
 Punjab
General Election
 Seats
contested
 Seats
won
 % of
votes
 % of votes in
seats contested
10th Vidhan Sabha
 1992
 105
 9
 16.32
 17.59
11th Vidhan Sabha
 1997
 67
 1
 7.48
 13.28
12th Vidhan Sabha
 2002
 100
 0
 5.69
 6.61
13th Vidhan Sabha
 2007
 115
 0
 4.13
 4.17
14th Vidhan Sabha
 2012
 117
 0
 4.29
 4.30
15th Vidhan Sabha
 2017
 111
 0
 1.52
 1.59


Rajasthan Vidhan Sabha



































































Vidhan Sabha Term
 Rajasthan
General Election
 Seats
contested
 Seats
won
 % of
votes
 % of votes in
seats contested
9th Vidhan Sabha
 1990
 57
 0
 0.79
 2.54
10th Vidhan Sabha
 1993
 50
 0
 0.56
 2.01
11th Vidhan Sabha
 1998
 108
 2
 2.17
 3.81
12th Vidhan Sabha
 2003
 124
 2
 3.97
 6.40
13th Vidhan Sabha
 2008
 199
 6
 7.60
 7.66
14th Vidhan Sabha
 2013
 199
 3
 3.37
 3.48
15th Vidhan Sabha
 2018
 199
 6
 4.00


Telangana Vidhan Sabha
























Vidhan Sabha Term
 Telangana
General Election
 Seats
won
 Total of
votes
 % of
votes
1st Vidhan Sabha
2014
 2
 458,762
 1.0%
2nd Vidhan Sabha
 2018
 0
 428,430
 2.1


Uttarakhand Vidhan Sabha




























































Electoral performance in the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly
Election
 Leader
 Votes
 Seats
 Position
 Resulting government
#
 %
 #
 ±

2002
Mayawati
 3,12,842
 10.93

7 / 70


  –
3rd
INC majority

2007
Mayawati
 4,43,703
 11.76

8 / 70
Increase1
 3rd
BJP coalition

2012
Mayawati
 5,18,227
 12.19

3 / 70
Decrease5
 3rd
INC coalition

2017
Mayawati
 3,47,533
 6.98

0 / 70
Decrease3
 none
BJP majority


See also




  • BAMCEF[58]


  • Dalit Shoshit Samaj Sangharsh Samiti[59]


  • Republican Party of India[60]

  • Kanshi Ram

  • Mayawati


  • Jai Bhim[61]



References





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