举人












舉人
中文名稱









繁體 舉人
简体 举人
韓文名稱

















谚文 거인
韩文汉字 擧人
文观部式 geoin
馬賴式 gŏin
越南文名稱 (？)









國語字 cử nhân
喃字 .mw-parser-output .han-nom{font-family:"Nom Na Tong","Han-Nom Gothic","HAN NOM A","HAN NOM B","Ming-Lt-HKSCS-UNI-H","Ming-Lt-HKSCS-ExtB","FZKaiT-Extended","FZKaiT-Extended(SIP)","FZKaiS-Extended","FZKaiS-Extended(SIP)","Sun-ExtA","Sun-ExtB","MingLiU","MingLiU-ExtB","MingLiU_HKSCS","MingLiU_HKSCS-ExtB","SimSun","SimSun-ExtB",sans-serif}
舉人

舉人，為一種士人的身份，等級在生員之上。雅稱「孝廉」、「發解」、「發達」、「鄉進士」、「鄉先進」、「鄉進」等對入京師參與會試的舉人雅稱為公车。明清時俗稱「老爺」。




目录






  • 1 沿革


  • 2 图集


  • 3 参见


  • 4 参考资料


  • 5 研究書目





沿革


漢代取士用人無考試之法，皆令郡太守、諸侯國國相薦舉，獲薦舉者稱為舉人。


唐、宋時稱可以應進士考試者為舉人。


明、清時，則稱鄉試中試者為舉人，亦稱為「大會狀」、「大春元」。第一名稱為解元，而因明代科举有以五经取士，乡试每经取一名为首，列前五名稱為「经魁」。清代也沿襲稱鄉試前五名稱為經魁。北闈第一名按慣例須為直隸籍人，為「北元」；南方各省考中第二名也稱元，為「南元」[1]。



图集






  • 陳悅記祖宅中閩浙總督孫爾準所贈「文魁」匾額，1825年。







  • 李騰芳古宅中福建巡撫徐宗幹所贈「文魁」匾，1865年。







  • 連舉人厝中福建巡撫丁日昌所贈「文魁」匾額，1876年。






参见


  • 科舉


参考资料





  1. ^ 《清稗类钞》考试类:「乾隆辛卯，高宗以解元文甚不佳，移第三，以南元为第一。發卷出，奏事太监曹某奏称:『顺天乡榜向以顺天人置等一。』乃易还之。」




研究書目


  • 張仲禮著，費成康等譯：《中國紳士的收入》（上海：上海社會科學院出版社，2001）。



-

Popular posts from this blog

Y

Image
This article is about the letter of the alphabet. For other uses, see Y (disambiguation). See also: Wye (disambiguation) Y Y y (See below) Usage Writing system Latin script Type Alphabetic and Logographic Language of origin Latin language Phonetic usage [ y ] [ ɨ ] [ j ] [ iː ] [ ɪ ] [ ɘ ] [ ə ] [ ɯ ] [ ɛː ] [ j ] [ ɥ ] [ ɣ̟ ] / w aɪ / / aɪ / Unicode value U+0059, U+0079 Alphabetical position 25 History Development Υ υ 𐌖 Y y Time period 54 to present Descendants  • U  • V  • W  • Ỿ  • ¥  • Ꮙ  • Ꮍ  • Ꭹ Sisters F Ѵ У Ў Ұ Ү ו و ܘ וּ וֹ ࠅ 𐎆 𐡅 ወ વ ૂ ુ उ Variations (See below) Other Other letters commonly used with y(x), ly, ny This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. ISO basic Latin alphabet Aa Bb Cc D...
Read more

Mount Tamalpais

Image
Mount Tamalpais Mount Tamalpais, viewed from the south Highest point Elevation 2,571 ft (784 m)   NAVD 88 [1] Prominence 2,456 ft (749 m)  [1] Listing California county high points 55th Coordinates 37°55′45″N 122°34′40″W  /  37.929088°N 122.577829°W  / 37.929088; -122.577829 Coordinates: 37°55′45″N 122°34′40″W  /  37.929088°N 122.577829°W  / 37.929088; -122.577829   [1] Geography Mount Tamalpais Marin County, California, U.S. Show map of California Mount Tamalpais Mount Tamalpais (the US) Show map of the US Parent range California Coast Ranges Topo map USGS San Rafael Geology Mountain type Sedimentary Climbing First ascent 1830s by Jacob P. Leese (first recorded ascent) [2] Easiest route Railroad Grade fire trail Mount Tamalpais ( / t æ m əl ˈ p aɪ . ɪ s / ; TAM -əl- PY -iss ; Coast Miwok: /t̪ɑmɑlˈpɑis̺/ , known locally as Mount Tam ) is a peak in Marin County, California, United State...
Read more

Indian Forest Service

Image
Indian Forest Service Service Overview Preceding service Imperial Forest Service (1864 to 1935) Year of Constitution 1966 Country India Staff College Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA), Dehradun, Uttarakhand Cadre Controlling Authority Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change Legal personality Governmental: Government service General nature Administration of Forest and Wildlife resources Cadre strength 3131 (2182 Direct Recruits and 949 Promotion Posts) Website ifs.nic.in Service Chief Director General of Forests Siddhanth Das, IFS (1982 Batch, Odisha Cadre) [1] Head of the All India Civil Services Cabinet Secretary Pradeep Kumar Sinha, IAS Indian Forest Service (भारतीय वन सेवा) [2] is one of the three All India Services of the Government of India. The other two All India Services being the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Police Service (IPS). [3] [4] [5] It was constituted in...
Read more