同源重組




同源重組（英語：Homologous recombination）是遺傳重組的一種類型，指兩股具有相似序列的DNA的重新排列，使遺傳物質發生交換。可發生於自然界中，或應用於人工的分子生物學技術。


真核生物體內的同源重組過程中發生於減數分裂時期，是染色體互換所造成的結果。除此之外，同源重組也能使遭受損害的染色體，得以利用與自身相似，且未受傷害的另一條染色體，來進行DNA修復作用[1]。細菌的同源重組，則發生於細菌進行接合（conjugation）、转导（transduction）或是转化（transformation）的過程中。


許多技術利用同源重組將基因導入生物個體中，形成重組DNA[2]，方法又稱基因標的（gene targeting）。



参见


  • 非同源性末端接合


參考文獻





  1. ^
    H. Lodish, A. Berk, L.S. Zipursky, P. Matsudaira, D. Baltimore, J. Darnell. Molecular Cell Biology 4th ed. W. H. Freeman and Company. 2000. ISBN 978-0-7167-3136-8.  引文格式1维护：冗余文本 (link) 12.5. Recombination between Homologous DNA Sites: Double-Strand Breaks in DNA Initiate Recombination


  2. ^
    H. Lodish, A. Berk, L.S. Zipursky, P. Matsudaira, D. Baltimore, J. Darnell. Molecular Cell Biology 4th ed. W. H. Freeman and Company. 2000. ISBN 978-0-7167-3136-8.  引文格式1维护：冗余文本 (link)
    8.5. Gene Replacement and Transgenic Animals: DNA Is Transferred into Eukaryotic Cells in Various Ways




參見



  • 遺傳重組

  • 染色體互換

  • DNA修復

  • 基因標的


















  • 查

  • 论

  • 编



遗传学：同源重组/可动遗传因子

主要/原核生物


  • 结合

  • 转导

  • 转化
存于真核生物


  • 转染

  • 染色體互換

  • 基因转变（英语：Gene conversion）

  • 融合基因

  • 基因水平轉移

  • 姐妹染色单体交换

  • 转座子
















  • 查

  • 论

  • 编


遗传学索引

描述


  • 生化


  • 基因表达

    • DNA（复制

    • 周期蛋白

    • 遗传重组

    • 修复




  • 转录

    • 转录因子与细胞内受体

    • 辅调节因子

    • RNA

    • 重复序列

    • 转录后修饰




  • 翻译

    • 核糖体亚基

    • 翻译后修饰

    • 分拣蛋白




  • DNA/RNA结合蛋白

    • 核糖核蛋白)


  • 蛋白质

    • 结构域

    • 结构

      • 1°

      • 2°

      • 2+°

      • 3°

      • 4°
疾病


  • Replication and repair（英语：Template:DNA replication and repair-deficiency disorder）

  • Transcription factor（英语：Template:Transcription factor and coregulator deficiencies）

  • Transcription（英语：Template:Disorders of transcription and post transcriptional modification）

  • Translation（英语：Template:Disorders of translation and posttranslational modification）





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