乘波導引














乘波導引是軍事上一種控制武器運動的導引方式，通常是使用在各種飛彈系統上，作為導引的訊號以雷達或雷射為主，是一種較為簡單的導引方式。



特性


乘波導引常被列為指揮導引的一類，事實上，兩者有相當的差異；指揮導引飛彈內的導引系統只需執行接收命令的工作，而乘波導引的飛彈則還要感測其在波束中的位置，從而指導飛彈保持在波束中央。


發射載具在標定目標之後，將雷達發射的導引訊號持續照射在目標上，發射載具或者是提供導引訊號的雷達必須配合目標的移動而保持波束的位置。飛彈發射之後會進入導引波束當中，如同跟隨一條看不見的線路飛行，而在這個線路的末端就是飛彈要攻擊的目標。


由於發射導引訊號的雷達必須穩定波束的改變，使用於空對空飛彈方面，對飛行員的工作壓力較大，除了少數早期的產品以外，大多數的乘波導引防空飛彈系統為陸上或者是艦上系統。當半主動雷達導引技術成熟之後，由于乘波導引系統的同時目標接戰數目较少，逐漸由半主動導引取代。







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