三字经
Multi tool use
本文介紹的是宋代王应麟所著的典籍。關於三字經的其他意思，請見「
三字經 (消歧義)」。
《三字经》是中國的傳統兒童啟蒙教材，在中國古代經典當中，三字經是最淺顯易懂的讀本之一，歷久不衰。《三字經》取材典故廣範，包括中國五千年傳統文化的文學、歷史、哲學、天文地理、人倫義理、忠孝節義等等，內容相當豐富。背誦《三字經》的同時，就了解了常識、傳統國學及歷史故事，以及故事內涵中做人做事的道理。[1]
在格式上，三字一句朗朗上口，因其文通俗、顺口、易记等特点，使其与《百家姓》、《千字文》、《千家詩》同为中国古代私塾的初级入门课本，合稱「三百千千」。[2]
作者
原典作者
- 一说是宋代人王应麟。初著傳說為宋朝王應麟，明、清两代人（如清初康熙年間王相與清末大學問家章太炎）多認定作者是王應麟。其次，從文風看，王應麟的其他著作也多三字句，幾年前，在鄞州還出土了王應麟用“三字經”句式作結尾撰寫的廟記。另外，王應麟是一個關心兒童教育的學者，除了《三字經》，他還有六本兒童啟蒙讀物(《词学指南》、《小学绀珠》、《姓氏急就篇》、《小学讽咏》、《蒙训》……)。[3]這些都是非常有力的證據。
- 一说是宋代人區適子。明末清初屈大均在「廣東新語」卷十一中記載：「童蒙所誦三字經乃宋末區適子所撰。適子，順德登洲人，字正叔，入元抗節不仕」，認為廣東順德人區適子才是《三字經》的真正作者。
- 一说是明代人黎貞。清代邵晉涵詩：「讀得貞黎三字訓」，自注：「《三字經》，南海黎貞撰。」即以為明代黎貞撰。
宁波大学文学院教授张如安在《北京大学学报》2009年第二期上发表了《历史上最早记载〈三字经〉的文献——〈三字经〉成书于南宋中期新说》一文，判断《三字经》应成书于南宋绍熙至嘉定年间，其时代要早于王应麟和区适子。而宁波是目前已知的《三字经》最早流传的地区。
增改作者
原典內容之外，後經章太炎等人多次增改，故三字經內容在「敘史」部份，也已包含元、明、清、民國時期。
参考文献
^ ...三字經 正統文化教材精解. 益群書店股份有限公司. 2009-11-20.
^ 「三百千千」，《教育部重編國語辭典修訂本》
^ 傅, 璇宗. 《王应麟著作集成》总序. 《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》. 2011-04-01, 26 (4): 47.
外部連結
 |
英語维基文库中与本条目相关的原始文献：
San Tzu Ching (翟理斯譯註)
|
- 正統文化教材：《三字經》免費電子書（含錄音）
《三字經》原文及英文翻譯 - 中國哲學書電子化計劃
- 解读《三字经》 钱文忠
参见
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本文介紹的是宋代王应麟所著的典籍。關於三字經的其他意思，請見「三字經 (消歧義)」。
