1933年,威拉德邁倫·艾倫(Willard Myron Allen)和羅切斯特大學醫學院(University of Rochester Medical School)的解剖學教授喬治·華盛頓(George Washington Corner)共同發現了孕激素。艾倫首先確定其熔點、分子量、化學結構。
就像其他類固醇,孕酮由環狀碳水化合物組成。孕酮含有酮,氧化官能基和兩個甲基。且孕酮是疏水性的(因為沒有高度極化的官能基)。
^Allen WM (1935). "The isolation of crystalline progestin". Science 82 (2118): 89–93.doi:10.1126/science.082.2118.89. PMID 17747122
^Butenandt A, Westphal U (1934). "Zur Isolierung und Charakterisierung des Corpusluteum-Hormons". Berichte Deu0tsche chemische Gesellschaft 67 (8): 1440–1442.doi:10.1002/cber.19340670831
^Hartmann M, Wettstein A (1934). "Ein krystallisiertes Hormon aus Corpus luteum". Helvetica Chimica Acta 17: 878–882.doi:10.1002/hlca.193401701111
^Slotta KH, Ruschig H, Fels E (1934). "Reindarstellung der Hormone aus dem Corpusluteum". Berichte Deutsche chemische Gesellschaft 67 (7): 1270–1273.doi:10.1002/cber.19340670729
^Effect of progesterone treatment due to threatened abortion in early pregnancy for obstetric and perinatal outcomes Lijun Duan, Denglu Yan, Weiyue Zeng, Xiao Yang, Qiang Wei Early human development 1 January 2010 (volume 86 issue 1 Pages 41-43 doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2009.12.007)
^Miscarriage - threatened: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. A.D.A.M., Inc. [2010-05-30](英语).
^Wahabi HA, Abed Althagafi NF, Elawad M, Al Zeidan RA. Progestogen for treating threatened miscarriage. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD005943. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005943.pub2.
^Jodie M Dodd; Caroline A Crowther. The role of progesterone in prevention of preterm birth. International Journal of Women’s Health (Dovepress(英语:Dovepress)). 2009-07-30, 2009 (I): 73–81 [2010-05-31](英语).引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
參見 雄激素类 • 雌激素类和孕激素类 • Glucocorticoids and antiglucocorticoids(英语:Template:Glucocorticoids and antiglucocorticoids) • Mineralocorticoids and antimineralocorticoids(英语:Template:Mineralocorticoids and antimineralocorticoids) • Gonadotropins and GnRH(英语:Template:Gonadotropins and GnRH)
參見 雄激素类 • 雌激素类和孕激素类 • Glucocorticoids and antiglucocorticoids(英语:Template:Glucocorticoids and antiglucocorticoids) • Mineralocorticoids and antimineralocorticoids(英语:Template:Mineralocorticoids and antimineralocorticoids) • Gonadotropins and GnRH(英语:Template:Gonadotropins and GnRH)
This article is about the letter of the alphabet. For other uses, see Y (disambiguation). See also: Wye (disambiguation) Y Y y (See below) Usage Writing system Latin script Type Alphabetic and Logographic Language of origin Latin language Phonetic usage [ y ] [ ɨ ] [ j ] [ iː ] [ ɪ ] [ ɘ ] [ ə ] [ ɯ ] [ ɛː ] [ j ] [ ɥ ] [ ɣ̟ ] / w aɪ / / aɪ / Unicode value U+0059, U+0079 Alphabetical position 25 History Development Υ υ 𐌖 Y y Time period 54 to present Descendants • U • V • W • Ỿ • ¥ • Ꮙ • Ꮍ • Ꭹ Sisters F Ѵ У Ў Ұ Ү ו و ܘ וּ וֹ ࠅ 𐎆 𐡅 ወ વ ૂ ુ उ Variations (See below) Other Other letters commonly used with y(x), ly, ny This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. ISO basic Latin alphabet Aa Bb Cc D...
Mount Tamalpais Mount Tamalpais, viewed from the south Highest point Elevation 2,571 ft (784 m) NAVD 88 [1] Prominence 2,456 ft (749 m) [1] Listing California county high points 55th Coordinates 37°55′45″N 122°34′40″W / 37.929088°N 122.577829°W / 37.929088; -122.577829 Coordinates: 37°55′45″N 122°34′40″W / 37.929088°N 122.577829°W / 37.929088; -122.577829 [1] Geography Mount Tamalpais Marin County, California, U.S. Show map of California Mount Tamalpais Mount Tamalpais (the US) Show map of the US Parent range California Coast Ranges Topo map USGS San Rafael Geology Mountain type Sedimentary Climbing First ascent 1830s by Jacob P. Leese (first recorded ascent) [2] Easiest route Railroad Grade fire trail Mount Tamalpais ( / t æ m əl ˈ p aɪ . ɪ s / ; TAM -əl- PY -iss ; Coast Miwok: /t̪ɑmɑlˈpɑis̺/ , known locally as Mount Tam ) is a peak in Marin County, California, United State...
Indian Forest Service Service Overview Preceding service Imperial Forest Service (1864 to 1935) Year of Constitution 1966 Country India Staff College Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA), Dehradun, Uttarakhand Cadre Controlling Authority Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change Legal personality Governmental: Government service General nature Administration of Forest and Wildlife resources Cadre strength 3131 (2182 Direct Recruits and 949 Promotion Posts) Website ifs.nic.in Service Chief Director General of Forests Siddhanth Das, IFS (1982 Batch, Odisha Cadre) [1] Head of the All India Civil Services Cabinet Secretary Pradeep Kumar Sinha, IAS Indian Forest Service (भारतीय वन सेवा) [2] is one of the three All India Services of the Government of India. The other two All India Services being the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Police Service (IPS). [3] [4] [5] It was constituted in...