Later Balhae
Later Balhae 후발해 (後渤海) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 927–(between 1030-1064) | |||||||||
| Capital | Nambu[1] | ||||||||
| Common languages | Goguryeo language | ||||||||
| Religion | Buddhism, Taoism, Korean shamanism | ||||||||
| Government | Monarchy 935-1009 Military government on behalf of the monarch. | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Establishment | 927 | ||||||||
• Annexed | (between 1030-1064) | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Later Balhae | |
| Hangul | 후발해 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 後渤海 |
| Revised Romanization | Hu Balhae |
| McCune–Reischauer | Hu Parhae |
Part of a series on the | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| History of Korea | ||||||||
 | ||||||||
Prehistory | ||||||||
| ||||||||
Ancient | ||||||||
| ||||||||
Proto–Three Kingdoms | ||||||||
| ||||||||
Three Kingdoms | ||||||||
| ||||||||
North–South States | ||||||||
| ||||||||
Later Three Kingdoms | ||||||||
| ||||||||
Unitary dynastic period | ||||||||
| ||||||||
Colonial period | ||||||||
| ||||||||
Division of Korea | ||||||||
| ||||||||
By topic | ||||||||
| ||||||||
Timeline | ||||||||
 Korea portal | ||||||||
Later Balhae or Parhae (927 - (1030-1064)?) [2] was a Korean state. It created after Bohai was destroyed by the Liao Empire.
Contents
1 Palhe period
2 Jeongan Period
3 Vassal period
4 Rise of Heungyo
5 Famous Rulers
6 Popular culture
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
Palhe period
In 926, the Khitan emperor Abaoji defeated the state Balhae, part of the land in the Tongliao area annexed, and part of the land included into the vassal state Dundan. In the areas inhabited by the Kogouryo people, a powerful military force continued to resist. One of the members of the ruling dynasty of Bohai Dae Gwang-hyeon asked for help from Koryo, where he was honorably received by the Taejo of Goryeo. However, he refused to help.
Then Dae Gwang-hyeon returned, and in 927 in on the territory of modern DPRK north of the Tedong River and also part of the Jilin Province of the PRC, founded the independent state of Palhe. It occupied the territory of the entire South Hamgyong Province,Chagang Province,Ryanggang Province,North Hamgyong Province without Yukchin (six cities) and the entire Changbai Mountains including the modern Chinese part.[3]
In 936, his General 烈 萬 華 Eol Manhwa overthrew Dae Gwang-hyeon and he fled to Koryo. And the general began to rule on behalf of his grandson, renaming the state 定 安 Jeongan[4]
Jeongan Period
Jeongan (Chinese: 定 安 國, Korean: 정안국). In the Liao Chronicles, Jeongan appears under the name "Uzhe tribes".
The state tried to form an alliance with the local peoples in order to overthrow the Khitan rule, but to no avail.
In the 980s in Jeongan, the Li clan was replaced by the U. Jeongan clan in 989 and in 991 it launched a new initiative to the Song Empire, proposing joint military actions against the Khitan army. It is known that in 995, Si-Wan (Sis Ruler) Heshon, who led a large army, was sent by the Khitan to punish Jeongan, but was defeated. However, according to Khitan data, Hashon went on a punitive campaign against the Uzhe tribes. [5]
In the next year, 996, the Khitan learned that "Bohai, Koryo and Jurchen made a union with mead", which was directed, most likely, against the Liao Empire. But after 1004, when peace was concluded between the Song and Liao empires, information about Jeongan, or rather about its struggle with the Khitans in alliance with China, disappears.
According to the Korean data in 1009, this state became a vassal of Koryo, which was the cause of Second conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War.[6]
Vassal period
After the establishment of the suzerainty of Koryo, military rule in the country ceased and power was again returned to the ruling dynasty. It is not known exactly when vassal dependence ended with annexation. It is known that in 1030 the state existed. And in 1064 the territories of this state were divided between Koryo and the Liao Empire, its vassal principality of Dun Gur. And there was no state.
Rise of Heungyo
Territory of the Heungyo Uprising 1029-1030
Already becoming a vassal state of the state Koryo, the representative of the Da dynasty attempted to expand the territories under its control to the principality and organized in the territories controlled by the Khitans, the Heungyo rebellion 興 (1029-1030). (Kor. 흥요) which organized the independent 公 Gun, it could not join the principality.
Famous Rulers
- Prince 大 光 顯 (kor.대광현) 926-936 Dae Gwang-hyeon
- General 烈 萬 華 (kor.열만화) 936-976
- General 玄 玄 (kor.오현명) 976-986
- Prince 大 延 琳 (kor.대연림) 1027-1030 7th generation of the founder of the Palhae.
Popular culture
Mentioned in the 2015 MBC TV series Shine or Go Crazy.[7]
See also
- Balhae
- Jeong-an kingdom
- Heung-yo kingdom
- Daewon Kingdom
References
^ https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/bohayskie-gorodischa-na-territorii-kitaya-i-kndr
^ "История государства Бохай (по материалам исследований южнокорейских учёных)" (PDF)..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/bohayskie-gorodischa-na-territorii-kitaya-i-kndr
^ https://history.wikireading.ru/76350
^ https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/elan-epohi-chzhurchzheney
^ http://www.dissercat.com/content/istoriya-gosudarstva-bokhai-po-materialam-issledovanii-yuzhnokoreiskikh-uchenykh
^ "Jang Hyuk and Oh Yeon Seo to play royal lovers in 'Shine or Go Crazy'". Kdramastars. November 20, 2014. Retrieved July 3, 2013.
External links
[https://web.archive.org/web/20070930023847/http://mtcha.com.ne.kr/korea-term/goryo/term122-jungangug.htm "���ȱ� (������)"]. web.archive.org. 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2019-01-04. replacement character in|title=at position 1 (help)
