1877年爆發「铁路大罢工」(The Great Railroad Strike)-全國性鐵路工人罷工事件。起初是在西佛吉尼亞州的馬丁斯堡,因B&O鐵路公司(B&O Railroad)降低工人工資,鐵路工人罷工抵制,海斯總統派遣聯邦軍隊鎮壓工人,造成罷工浪潮擴張至馬里蘭、賓夕法尼亞、伊利諾等州,造成多名工人傷亡,最終遭至聯邦軍隊鎮壓。
Solomon Grigor'evich Mikhlin Solomon Grigor'evich Mikhlin Born 23 April 1908 Kholmech, Minsk Governorate, Russian Empire Died 29 August 1990 (1990-08-29) (aged 82) [1] Saint Petersburg (former Leningrad) Nationality Soviet Alma mater Leningrad University (1929) Known for Elasticity theory singular integrals numerical analysis Awards Order of the Badge of Honour (1961) Laurea honoris causa by the Karl-Marx-Stadt Polytechnic (1968) Membership of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (1970) Membership of the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei (1981) Scientific career Fields Mathematics and mechanics Institutions Seismological Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1932–1941) Kazakh University in Alma Ata (1941–1944) Leningrad University (now Saint Petersburg State University) (1944–1990) Academic advisors Vladimir Smirnov, Leningrad University, master thesis Doctoral students see the teaching ac...
For other uses, see Schooner (disambiguation). A traditional gaff topsail schooner Schooner rigging: 1 ) Bowsprit 2 ) Jib & fore staysail 3 ) Fore gaffsail & topsail 4 ) Main staysail 5 ) Main gaff topsail 6 ) Mainsail 7 ) End of boom A schooner / ˈ s k uː n ər / is a type of sailing vessel with fore-and-aft sails on two or more masts. The most common type has two masts, the foremast being shorter than the main. While the schooner was originally gaff-rigged, modern schooners typically carry a Bermuda rig. Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 3 Usage 4 Schooner sail plan 4.1 Schooner rationale 5 Multi-masted schooners 6 Famous schooners 7 Gallery 8 See also 9 References 10 External links Etymology Traditional square topsail schooner Shenandoah , sailing in Nantucket Sound. The first detailed definition of a schooner, describing the vessel as two-masted vessel with fore and aft gaff-rigged sails appeared in ...