1877年爆發「铁路大罢工」(The Great Railroad Strike)-全國性鐵路工人罷工事件。起初是在西佛吉尼亞州的馬丁斯堡,因B&O鐵路公司(B&O Railroad)降低工人工資,鐵路工人罷工抵制,海斯總統派遣聯邦軍隊鎮壓工人,造成罷工浪潮擴張至馬里蘭、賓夕法尼亞、伊利諾等州,造成多名工人傷亡,最終遭至聯邦軍隊鎮壓。
For other uses, see Schooner (disambiguation). A traditional gaff topsail schooner Schooner rigging: 1 ) Bowsprit 2 ) Jib & fore staysail 3 ) Fore gaffsail & topsail 4 ) Main staysail 5 ) Main gaff topsail 6 ) Mainsail 7 ) End of boom A schooner / ˈ s k uː n ər / is a type of sailing vessel with fore-and-aft sails on two or more masts. The most common type has two masts, the foremast being shorter than the main. While the schooner was originally gaff-rigged, modern schooners typically carry a Bermuda rig. Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 3 Usage 4 Schooner sail plan 4.1 Schooner rationale 5 Multi-masted schooners 6 Famous schooners 7 Gallery 8 See also 9 References 10 External links Etymology Traditional square topsail schooner Shenandoah , sailing in Nantucket Sound. The first detailed definition of a schooner, describing the vessel as two-masted vessel with fore and aft gaff-rigged sails appeared in ...
This article is about the musical instrument. For the kitchen tool, see Mandoline. Mandolin Mandolin built in the style of a carved-top mandolin, but with arched soundboard of pressed wood. [1] String instrument Classification String instrument Plucked string instrument Hornbostel–Sachs classification 321.321-6 (Neapolitan) or 321.322-6 (flat-backed) (Chordophone with permanently attached resonator and neck, sounded by a plectrum) Developed Mid 18th century from the mandolino Timbre varies with the type: spruce carved-top, bright flatback, warm or mellow Decay fast Playing range (a regularly tuned mandolin with 14 frets to body) Related instruments List Family Mandolin Mandola Octave mandolin Mandocello Mandobass Bandurria Angélique (instrument) Archlute Balalaika Bouzouki Chitarra Italiana Domra Irish bouzouki Lute Mandriola Mandole Oud Pandura Tambura A mandolin (Italian: mandolino pronounced ...