子姓

Multi tool use
子姓为中国古代的一个古姓,后繁衍出多个氏。也作好姓,如妇好。
历史
子姓始祖为契,其母简狄是有娀氏的女儿,因吞食一只鸟蛋而怀上了契,契就是日后商族始祖。
姓氏分化
華氏:西周初,商王之族子微子啟被封於商丘,建立宋國。東周初,宋戴公之子好父说食釆於華。其子孫遂以邑為氏,成為宋國著名家族。據「名賢氏族言行類稿」所述:「華督、華元、華定、華亥,並為宋卿。」南北朝以後,從華氏中又分出了花氏。
花氏:“花”字的起源甚晚,在魏晉以前,中文沒有花字,只用華字,《百家姓》注:花氏「系出華氏,古無花字,通作華。後專用花為花草之花,故華姓有者改為花姓。」微子啟被奉為花姓的先祖。
蕭氏:出自子姓,以國名為氏。據《風俗通義》及《元和姓纂》所載,周代宋國微子之後,蕭叔大心復國立功,封於蕭,成為宋的附庸國。故址在今安徽省蕭縣西北。公元前597年被楚國所破,子孫以國為氏,漢朝相國蕭何即為其後。
宋氏:當齐国灭了宋國,子孙遂以国为氏。从商王武丁封宋算起,子姓宋氏起源的历史至少有3200年,国灭后普遍使用宋氏。
林氏:为帝喾高辛氏之後,始祖为“比干”的遺腹子林堅。
墨氏:墨子其后裔以墨夷为氏。童书业据此认为墨子为宋国公室子姓墨夷氏之后。[1]
殷氏:是殷商王族的後裔,商朝于第十代君王盘庚时迁殷,王族开始有以京畿地为姓的。
艾岁:根据史书记载,春秋宋国的始祖微子启(子姓)的后代有的改姓艾岁,《潜夫论·志姓氏》中亦有记载。而艾歲氏爾後又改為艾氏、歲氏。
问氏:出自中国商汤后裔苑氏衍派问弓氏等。
孔氏:孔姓以商族的姓“子”以太乙(商汤)名字中的“乙”组合起来,为子姓孔氏。[2]孔父嘉后逃到鲁国,以其名字中的“孔”为氏,也是子姓孔氏。仲尼(孔子)即是孔父嘉七世孙。
戴氏:商朝末代君主纣之庶兄微子启(子姓)于商的旧都(今河南商丘南),建立宋国。微子启也为戴姓始祖。
王氏:王氏来源有多个,但构成现代王氏的主要来源有四个:姬姓、子姓、妫姓和外族改姓。
郝氏:據《通志·氏族略》及《名賢氏族言行類稿》所載,殷商在第27代天子帝乙即位時,將他的兒子子期封于太原郝鄉(今山西太原),其後子孫也以地為氏,稱郝姓。一說郝鄉在今陝西西矮附近,史稱郝氏正宗。至於郝氏何時得姓,據有關史料所載,大致是在商朝被周朝滅亡(前11世紀)之後。按當時的習慣,子期的後裔便有的以地為氏稱郝姓,有的以國為史稱商氏,是為山西郝氏或陝西郝氏。
鲜虞:鲜虞亭是子姓鲜虞国的故地,是商人活动的区域。
孤竹国:孤竹国王族也是子姓,墨胎氏,如伯夷、叔齊。
箕子朝鲜:箕子朝鲜由殷商王族箕子建立,箕子名胥馀,是商王武丁子子其的后代。朝鲜半岛一些姓以箕子为始祖。箕子在高句丽、王氏高丽、李氏朝鲜等朝鮮王朝都被奉为始祖或神祇。
李朝实录《成宗实录》卷二十“壬辰三年(1472)七月乙巳”条载:“吾东方自箕子以来,教化大行,男有烈士之风,女有贞正之俗,史称小中华。”
李朝成宗二十四年(1493)12月,重修箕子庙。
李朝光海君五年(1613)4月,置箕子殿监。
注释
^ 童书业:《春秋左传研究(校订本)》
^ 《广韵》
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