1932 United States presidential election





















1932 United States presidential election







← 1928
November 8, 1932
1936 →


531 electoral votes of the Electoral College
266 electoral votes needed to win
Turnout 56.9%[1]Steady 0.0 pp
















































 

FDR in 1933.jpg

President Hoover portrait.jpg
Nominee

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Herbert Hoover

Party

Democratic

Republican
Home state

New York

Iowa
Running mate

John Nance Garner

Charles Curtis
Electoral vote

472
59
States carried

42
6
Popular vote

22,821,277
15,761,254
Percentage

57.4%
39.7%





1932 United States presidential election in California
1932 United States presidential election in Oregon
1932 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
1932 United States presidential election in Idaho
1932 United States presidential election in Nevada
1932 United States presidential election in Utah
1932 United States presidential election in Arizona
1932 United States presidential election in Montana
1932 United States presidential election in Wyoming
1932 United States presidential election in Colorado
1932 United States presidential election in New Mexico
1932 United States presidential election in North Dakota
1932 United States presidential election in South Dakota
1932 United States presidential election in Nebraska
1932 United States presidential election in Kansas
1932 United States presidential election in Oklahoma
1932 United States presidential election in Texas
1932 United States presidential election in Minnesota
1932 United States presidential election in Iowa
1932 United States presidential election in Missouri
1932 United States presidential election in Arkansas
1932 United States presidential election in Louisiana
1932 United States presidential election in Wisconsin
1932 United States presidential election in Illinois
1932 United States presidential election in Michigan
1932 United States presidential election in Indiana
1932 United States presidential election in Ohio
1932 United States presidential election in Kentucky
1932 United States presidential election in Tennessee
1932 United States presidential election in Mississippi
1932 United States presidential election in Alabama
1932 United States presidential election in Georgia
1932 United States presidential election in Florida
1932 United States presidential election in South Carolina
1932 United States presidential election in North Carolina
1932 United States presidential election in Virginia
1932 United States presidential election in West Virginia
1932 United States presidential election in Maryland
1932 United States presidential election in Delaware
1932 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania
1932 United States presidential election in New Jersey
1932 United States presidential election in New York
1932 United States presidential election in Connecticut
1932 United States presidential election in Rhode Island
1932 United States presidential election in Vermont
1932 United States presidential election in New Hampshire
1932 United States presidential election in Maine
1932 United States presidential election in Massachusetts
1932 United States presidential election in Maryland
1932 United States presidential election in Delaware
1932 United States presidential election in New Jersey
1932 United States presidential election in Connecticut
1932 United States presidential election in Rhode Island
1932 United States presidential election in Massachusetts
1932 United States presidential election in Vermont
1932 United States presidential election in New Hampshire
ElectoralCollege1932.svg
About this image


Presidential election results map. Blue denotes those won by Roosevelt/Garner, red denotes states won by Hoover/Curtis. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes allotted to each state.








President before election

Herbert Hoover
Republican



Elected President

Franklin D. Roosevelt
Democratic




The United States presidential election of 1932 was the thirty-seventh quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 8, 1932. The election took place against the backdrop of the Great Depression. Incumbent Republican President Herbert Hoover was defeated in a landslide by Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt, the Governor of New York. The election marked the effective end of the Fourth Party System, which had been dominated by Republicans.


Despite poor economic conditions, Hoover faced little opposition at the 1932 Republican National Convention. Roosevelt was widely considered the front-runner at the start of the 1932 Democratic National Convention, but was not able to clinch the nomination until the fourth ballot of the convention. The Democratic convention chose a leading Southern Democrat, Speaker of the House John Nance Garner of Texas, as the party's vice presidential nominee. Roosevelt united the party around him, campaigning on the failures of the Hoover administration. He promised recovery with a "New Deal" for the American people.


Roosevelt won by a landslide in both the electoral and popular vote, carrying every state outside of the Northeast and receiving the highest percentage of the popular vote of any Democratic nominee up to that time. Hoover had won over 57% of the popular vote in the 1928 presidential election, but saw his share of the popular vote decline to 39.7%. Socialist Party nominee Norman Thomas won 2.2% of the popular vote. Subsequent landslides in the 1934 mid-term elections and the 1936 presidential election confirmed the commencement of the Fifth Party System, which would be dominated by Roosevelt's New Deal Coalition.[2]




Contents






  • 1 Nominations


    • 1.1 Republican Party nomination


    • 1.2 Democratic Party nomination




  • 2 General election


    • 2.1 Campaign


    • 2.2 Results


    • 2.3 Geography of results


      • 2.3.1 Cartographic gallery




    • 2.4 Results by state


    • 2.5 Close states


      • 2.5.1 Statistics






  • 3 See also


  • 4 References


  • 5 Further reading


  • 6 External links





Nominations



Republican Party nomination























Republican Party Ticket, 1932

Herbert Hoover

Charles Curtis

for President

for Vice President

President Hoover portrait.jpg


Charles Curtis-portrait.jpg


31st
President of the United States
(1929–1933)

31st
Vice President of the United States
(1929–1933)

Campaign

Republican candidates:




  • Herbert Hoover, President of the United States


  • John J. Blaine, Senator from Wisconsin


  • Joseph I. France, former Senator from Maryland


  • James Wolcott Wadsworth, Jr., former Senator from New York



As the year 1932 began, the Republican Party believed Hoover's protectionism and aggressive fiscal policies would solve the depression. Whether they were successful or not, President Herbert Hoover controlled the party and had little trouble securing a re-nomination. Little-known former United States Senator Joseph I. France ran against Hoover in the primaries, but Hoover was often unopposed. France's primary wins were tempered by his defeat to Hoover in his home state of Maryland and the fact that few delegates to the national convention were chosen in the primaries.


Hoover's managers at the Republican National Convention, which met in Chicago between June 14 and 16, ran a tight ship, not allowing expressions of concern for the direction of the nation. He was nominated on the first ballot with 98% of the delegate vote.


The tally was spectacularly lopsided:
























Presidential Ballot, RNC 1932
Herbert Hoover 1126.5
John J. Blaine 13
Calvin Coolidge 4.5
Joseph I. France 4
James Wolcott Wadsworth, Jr. 1

Both rural Republicans and hard-money Republicans (the latter hoping to nominate former President Calvin Coolidge) balked at the floor managers and voted against the renomination of Vice-President Charles Curtis, who won with just 55% of the delegate votes.



Democratic Party nomination























Democratic Party Ticket, 1932

Franklin D. Roosevelt

John Nance Garner

for President

for Vice President

FDR in 1933.jpg


John Nance Garner (1).jpg


44th
Governor of New York
(1929–1932)

39th
Speaker of the House
(1931–1933)

Campaign

Democratic candidates:




  • Franklin D. Roosevelt, governor of New York


  • Al Smith (campaign), former governor of New York and 1928 Democratic presidential nominee


  • John Nance Garner, U.S. Speaker of the House, of Texas



The leading candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1932 was New York Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt. Speaker of the House John Nance Garner and former New York Governor Al Smith were trailing him. Before the 1932 Democratic National Convention met in Chicago between June 27 and July 2, Roosevelt was believed to have more delegate votes than all of his opponents combined. However, due to the "two-thirds" nominating rule then used by the Democrats, his opponents hoped that he would be unable to obtain the two-thirds majority necessary to win, and that they could gain votes on later ballots or coalesce behind a dark horse candidate.[3]:3–4


On the first three ballots Roosevelt had well over a majority of the delegate vote, but still lacked the two-thirds majority. Before the fourth ballot, his managers James Farley and Louis McHenry Howe struck a deal with House Speaker John Nance Garner: Garner would drop out of the race and support Roosevelt, and in return Roosevelt would agree to name Garner as his running mate. With this agreement, Roosevelt won the two-thirds majority and with it the presidential nomination.[3]



General election



Campaign




Hoover addresses a large crowd in his 1932 campaign.


After making an airplane trip to the Democratic convention, Roosevelt accepted the nomination in person. In his speech, he stated, "ours must be a party of liberal thought, of planned action, of enlightened international outlook, and of the greatest good to the greatest number of our citizens."[4] Roosevelt's trip to Chicago was the first of several successful, precedent-making moves designed to make him appear to be the candidate of change in the election. Large crowds greeted Roosevelt as he traveled around the nation; his campaign song "Happy Days Are Here Again" became one of the most popular in American political history[3]:244 – and, indeed, the unofficial anthem of the Democratic Party.[5]


The Democrats were united as they had not been in 1928, and probably the most united the party had been in the entire Fourth Party System.[6] Roosevelt's Protestant background nullified the anti-Catholic attacks Smith faced in 1928, and The Depression seemed to be of greater concern among the American public than previous cultural battles. Prohibition was a favorite Democratic target, with few Republicans trying to defend it given mounting demand to end prohibition and bring back beer, liquor, and the resulting tax revenues.[7]




Roosevelt (seated, center) at Greenway Ranch in Williams, Arizona on September 26, 1932. He is accompanied by U.S. Senator from Arizona Carl Hayden standing far right, along with –among others –three Democrats from the U.S. Senate (seated): Pittman, Walsh, and Cohen.


In contrast, Hoover was not supported by many of the more prominent Republicans and violently opposed by others, in particular by a number of senators who had fought him throughout his administration and whose national reputation made their opposition of considerable importance. Many prominent Republicans even went so far as to espouse the cause of the Democratic candidate openly.[8]


Making matters worse for Hoover was the fact that many Americans blamed him for the Great Depression. For more than two years, President Hoover had been restricting trade and increasing taxes on the wealthy with legislation such as the Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act and the Revenue Act of 1932. As Governor of New York, Roosevelt had garnered a reputation for promoting government help for the impoverished, providing a welcome contrast for many who saw Hoover as do-nothing president.[9] Roosevelt also attacked Hoover for being, "the greatest spending Administration in peacetime in all our history."[10] The outrage caused by the deaths of veterans in the Bonus Army incident in the summer of 1932, combined with the catastrophic economic effects of Hoover's domestic policies, reduced his chances of a second term from slim to none. His attempts to campaign in public were a disaster, as he often had objects thrown at him or his vehicle as he rode through city streets.[11][12] During the campaign, Roosevelt ran on many of the programs that would later become part of the New Deal during his presidency.[13] It was said that "Even a vaguely talented dog-catcher could have been elected president against the Republicans."[14] Hoover even received a letter from an Illinois man that advised, "Vote for Roosevelt and make it unanimous."


Hoover called Roosevelt a "chameleon in plaid" and Roosevelt called President Hoover a "fat, timid capon".[15] In the last days of campaigning, Hoover criticized Roosevelt's "nonsense ... tirades ... glittering generalizations ... ignorance" and "defamation".[15]


The election was held on November 8, 1932; however Maine held separate state elections in September.



Results




Results by county explicitly indicating the percentage for the winning candidate. Shades of blue are for Roosevelt (Democratic), shades of red are for Hoover (Republican), grey indicates zero recorded votes and white indicates territories not elevated to statehood.[16]


This was the first election since 1916 (16 years earlier) in which the Democratic candidate won.


Although the "other" vote (the combined vote total for candidates other than the nominees of the two major parties) of 1932 was three times that of 1928, it was considerably less than what had been recorded in 1920; the time of the greatest "other" vote with the exception of the unusual conditions prevailing in 1912 and 1924.


Roosevelt, the Democratic candidate, won the support of 22,817,883 voters (57.41%), the greatest vote ever cast for a candidate for the Presidency up until that time, and 1,425,000 greater than that cast for Hoover four years earlier. It is to be noted that Hoover won a greater percentage of the vote in 1928, as did Harding in 1920. But the national swing of 35.17% impressed all who considered the distribution of the vote, and indicated that more than one-sixth of the electorate had switched from supporting the Republican Party to the Democratic Party. Only once in this period had there been a comparable shift; in 1920, there was a 29.29% swing towards the Republicans.[8] The swing from Smith in 1928 to Roosevelt in this year remains the greatest national swing of the electorate between presidential elections in the history of the United States.


1932 was a realigning election, as Roosevelt won a sweeping victory over Hoover, with Democrats extending their control over the U.S. House and gaining control of the U.S. Senate. Twelve years of Republican leadership came to an end, and 20 consecutive years of Democratic control of the White House began.[15] Until 1932, the Republicans had controlled the Presidency for 56 of the previous 72 years, dating to Abraham Lincoln's election in 1860. After 1932, Democrats would control the Presidency for 28 of the next 36 years.


Roosevelt led the poll in 2,722 counties, the greatest number ever carried by a candidate up until that time. Of these, 282 had never before been Democratic. Only 374 remained loyally Republican. It is to be noted, however, that half of the total vote of the nation was cast in just eight states (New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin) and that in these states, Hoover polled 8,592,163 votes. In one section (West South Central), the Republican percentage sank to 16.21%, but in no other section did the party poll less than 30% of the vote cast. However, the relative appeal of the two candidates in 1932 and the decline of the appeal of Hoover as compared with 1928 are shown in the fact that the Republican vote increased in 1932 in only 87 counties, while the Democratic vote increased in 3,003 counties.


The great vote cast for Hoover, and the fact that in only one section of the nation (West South Central) did he have less than 500,000 votes and in only three states outside of the South less than 50,000 votes, made it clear that the nation remained a two-party electorate, and that everywhere, despite the triumph of the Democrats, there was a party membership devoted to neither the new administration nor the proposals of the Socialist candidate who had polled 75% of the "other" vote (as well as the highest raw vote total of his campaigns).[17]


This election marks the last time a Republican presidential candidate won a majority of black and African-American votes. As New Deal policies took effect, the strong support of black voters for these programs began a transition from their traditional support for Republicans to providing solid majorities for Democrats.


The Roosevelt ticket swept every region of the country except the Northeast and carried many reliable Republican states that had not been carried by the Democrats since their electoral landslide of 1912, when the Republican vote was divided. Michigan voted Democratic for the first time since the emergence of the Republican Party. Minnesota was carried by a Democrat for the first time in its history, leaving Vermont as the only remaining state never to be carried by a Democratic candidate (and it would not be until 1964). In contrast to the state's solid support of Republicans prior to this election, Minnesota continued supporting Democrats in every presidential election but three since 1932, the exceptions being 1952, 1956, and 1972.


Roosevelt's victory with 472 electoral votes stood until the 1964 victory of Lyndon B. Johnson, who won 486 electoral votes in 1964, as the most ever won by a first-time contestant in a presidential election. Roosevelt also bettered the national record of 444 electoral votes set by Hoover only four years earlier, but would shatter his own record when he was re-elected in 1936 with 523 votes.


This was the last election in which Connecticut, Delaware, New Hampshire, and Pennsylvania voted Republican until 1948.
































































































































Presidential candidate
Party
Home state
Popular vote
Electoral
vote
Running mate
Count
Percentage
Vice-presidential candidate
Home state
Electoral vote

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Democratic

New York
22,821,277
57.41%
472

John Nance Garner

Texas
472

Herbert Hoover (Incumbent)

Republican

California
15,761,254
39.65%
59

Charles Curtis

Kansas
59

Norman Thomas

Socialist
New York
884,885
2.23%
0

James H. Maurer

Pennsylvania
0

William Z. Foster

Communist

Illinois
103,307
0.26%
0

James W. Ford

Alabama
0

William David Upshaw

Prohibition

Georgia
81,905
0.21%
0

Frank S. Regan
Illinois
0

William Hope Harvey

Liberty

Arkansas
53,425
0.13%
0

Frank Hemenway

Washington
0

Verne L. Reynolds

Socialist Labor
New York
34,038
0.09%
0

John W. Aiken

Massachusetts
0

Jacob Coxey

Farmer-Labor

Ohio
7,431
0.02%
0

Julius Reiter

Minnesota
0

Other
4,376
0.01%


Other

Total
39,751,898
100%
531

531
Needed to win
266

266

Source (popular vote): Leip, David. "1932 Presidential Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved July 31, 2005..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}Source (electoral vote): "Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996". National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved July 31, 2005.






































Popular vote
Roosevelt
57.41%
Hoover
39.65%
Thomas
2.23%
Foster
0.26%
Others
0.45%
























Electoral vote
Roosevelt
88.89%
Hoover
11.11%




Geography of results



1932 Electoral Map.png




Cartographic gallery




Results by state


[18]





States won by Roosevelt/Garner
States won by Hoover/Curtis




















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Franklin D. Roosevelt
Democratic
Herbert Hoover
Republican
Norman Thomas
Socialist
Other
Margin
State Total
State
electoral
votes
#
%
electoral
votes
#
%
electoral
votes
#
%
electoral
votes
#
%
electoral
votes
#
%
#


Alabama
11
207,910 84.74 11 34,675 14.13 - 2,030 0.83 - 739 0.30 - 173,235 70.61 245,354
AL

Arizona
3
79,264 67.03 3 36,104 30.53 - 2,618 2.21 - 265 0.22 - 43,160 36.50 118,251
AZ

Arkansas
9
189,602 85.96 9 28,467 12.91 - 1,269 0.58 - 1,224 0.55 - 161,135 73.06 220,562
AR

California
22
1,324,157 58.39 22 847,902 37.39 - 63,299 2.79 - 32,608 1.44 - 476,255 21.00 2,267,966
CA

Colorado
6
250,877 54.81 6 189,617 41.43 - 13,591 2.97 - 3,611 0.79 - 61,260 13.38 457,696
CO

Connecticut
8
281,632 47.40 - 288,420 48.54 8 20,840 3.45 - 3,651 0.61 - -6,788 -1.14 594,183
CT

Delaware
3
54,319 48.11 - 57,073 50.55 3 1,376 1.22 - 133 0.12 - -2,754 -2.44 112,901
DE

Florida
7
206,307 74.68 7 69,170 25.04 - 775 0.28 - - - - 137,137 49.64 276,252
FL

Georgia
12
234,118 91.60 12 19,863 7.77 - 461 0.18 - 1,148 0.45 - 214,255 83.83 255,590
GA

Idaho
4
109,479 58.66 4 71,417 38.27 - 526 0.28 - 5,203 2.79 - 38,062 20.39 186,625
ID

Illinois
29
1,882,304 55.23 29 1,432,756 42.04 - 67,258 1.97 - 25,608 0.75 - 449,548 13.19 3,407,926
IL

Indiana
14
862,054 54.67 14 677,184 42.94 - 21,388 1.36 - 16,301 1.03 - 184,870 11.72 1,576,927
IN

Iowa
11
598,019 57.69 11 414,433 39.98 - 20,467 1.97 - 3,768 0.36 - 183,586 17.71 1,036,687
IA

Kansas
9
424,204 53.56 9 349,498 44.13 - 18,276 2.31 - - - - 74,706 9.43 791,978
KS

Kentucky
11
580,574 59.06 11 394,716 40.15 - 3,853 0.39 - 3,920 0.40 - 185,858 18.91 983,063
KY

Louisiana
10
249,418 92.79 10 18,853 7.01 - - - - 533 0.20 - 230,565 85.77 268,804
LA

Maine
5
128,907 43.19 - 166,631 55.83 5 2,489 0.83 - 417 0.14 - -37,724 -12.64 298,444
ME

Maryland
8
314,314 61.50 8 184,184 36.04 - 10,489 2.05 - 2,067 0.40 - 130,130 25.46 511,054
MD

Massachusetts
17
800,148 50.64 17 736,959 46.64 - 34,305 2.17 - 8,702 0.55 - 63,189 4.00 1,580,114
MA

Michigan
19
871,700 52.36 19 739,894 44.44 - 39,205 2.35 - 13,966 0.84 - 131,806 7.92 1,664,765
MI

Minnesota
11
600,806 59.91 11 363,959 36.29 - 25,476 2.54 - 12,602 1.26 - 236,847 23.62 1,002,843
MN

Mississippi
9
140,168 95.98 9 5,180 3.55 - 686 0.47 - - - - 134,988 92.44 146,034
MS

Missouri
15
1,025,406 63.69 15 564,713 35.08 - 16,374 1.02 - 3,401 0.21 - 460,693 28.62 1,609,894
MO

Montana
4
127,286 58.80 4 78,078 36.07 - 7,891 3.65 - 3,224 1.49 - 49,208 22.73 216,479
MT

Nebraska
7
359,082 62.98 7 201,177 35.29 - 9,876 1.73 - 2 0.00 - 157,905 27.70 570,137
NE

Nevada
3
28,756 69.41 3 12,674 30.59 - - - - - - - 16,082 38.82 41,430
NV

New Hampshire
4
100,680 48.99 - 103,629 50.42 4 947 0.46 - 264 0.13 - -2,949 -1.43 205,520
NH

New Jersey
16
806,394 49.49 16 775,406 47.59 - 42,988 2.64 - 4,719 0.29 - 30,988 1.90 1,629,507
NJ

New Mexico
3
95,089 62.72 3 54,217 35.76 - 1,776 1.17 - 524 0.35 - 40,872 26.96 151,606
NM

New York
47
2,534,959 54.07 47 1,937,963 41.33 - 177,397 3.78 - 38,295 0.82 - 596,996 12.73 4,688,614
NY

North Carolina
13
497,566 69.93 13 208,344 29.28 - 5,591 0.79 - - - - 289,222 40.65 711,501
NC

North Dakota
4
178,350 69.59 4 71,772 28.00 - 3,521 1.37 - 2,647 1.03 - 106,578 41.58 256,290
ND

Ohio
26
1,301,695 49.88 26 1,227,319 47.03 - 64,094 2.46 - 16,620 0.64 - 74,376 2.85 2,609,728
OH

Oklahoma
11
516,468 73.30 11 188,165 26.70 - - - - - - - 328,303 46.59 704,633
OK

Oregon
5
213,871 57.99 5 136,019 36.88 - 15,450 4.19 - 3,468 0.94 - 77,852 21.11 368,808
OR

Pennsylvania
36
1,295,948 45.33 - 1,453,540 50.84 36 91,223 3.19 - 18,466 0.65 - -157,592 -5.51 2,859,177
PA

Rhode Island
4
146,604 55.08 4 115,266 43.31 - 3,138 1.18 - 1,162 0.44 - 31,338 11.77 266,170
RI

South Carolina
8
102,347 98.03 8 1,978 1.89 - 82 0.08 - - - - 100,369 96.13 104,407
SC

South Dakota
4
183,515 63.62 4 99,212 34.40 - 1,551 0.54 - 4,160 1.44 - 84,303 29.23 288,438
SD

Tennessee
11
259,473 66.49 11 126,752 32.48 - 1,796 0.46 - 2,235 0.57 - 132,721 34.01 390,256
TN

Texas
23
760,348 88.06 23 97,959 11.35 - 4,450 0.52 - 669 0.08 - 662,389 76.72 836,426
TX

Utah
4
116,750 56.52 4 84,795 41.05 - 4,087 1.98 - 946 0.46 - 31,955 15.47 206,578
UT

Vermont
3
56,266 41.08 - 78,984 57.66 3 1,533 1.12 - 197 0.14 - -22,718 -16.58 136,980
VT

Virginia
11
203,979 68.46 11 89,637 30.09 - 2,382 0.80 - 1,944 0.65 - 114,342 38.38 297,942
VA

Washington
8
353,260 57.46 8 208,645 33.94 - 17,080 2.78 - 35,829 5.83 - 144,615 23.52 614,814
WA

West Virginia
8
405,124 54.47 8 330,731 44.47 - 5,133 0.69 - 2,786 0.37 - 74,393 10.00 743,774
WV

Wisconsin
12
707,410 63.46 12 347,741 31.19 - 53,379 4.79 - 6,278 0.56 - 359,669 32.26 1,114,808
WI

Wyoming
3
54,370 56.07 3 39,583 40.82 - 2,829 2.92 - 180 0.19 - 14,787 15.25 96,962
WY
TOTALS: 531
22,821,277 57.41 472
15,761,254 39.65 59
884,885 2.23 -
284,482 0.72
7,060,023 17.76 39,751,898
US


Close states


Margin of victory less than 5% (74 electoral votes):



  1. Connecticut, 1.14%

  2. New Hampshire, 1.43%

  3. New Jersey, 1.90%

  4. Delaware, 2.44%

  5. Ohio, 2.85%

  6. Massachusetts, 4.00%


Margin of victory between 5% and 10% (64 electoral votes):



  1. Pennsylvania, 5.51%

  2. Michigan, 7.92%

  3. Kansas, 9.43%



Statistics


Counties with Highest Percent of Vote (Democratic)



  1. Wilkinson County, Georgia 100.00%

  2. Armstrong County, South Dakota 100.00%

  3. Lancaster County, South Carolina 99.84%

  4. Sharkey County, Mississippi 99.82%

  5. Colleton County, South Carolina 99.69%


Counties with Highest Percent of Vote (Republican)



  1. Johnson County, Tennessee 84.51%

  2. Jackson County, Kentucky 84.28%

  3. Leslie County, Kentucky 82.96%

  4. Owsley County, Kentucky 79.08%

  5. Sevier County, Tennessee 77.01%


Counties with Highest Percent of Vote (Other)



  1. Sheridan County, Montana 32.54%

  2. Thurston County, Washington 23.12%

  3. Clallam County, Washington 22.73%

  4. Berks County, Pennsylvania 22.17%

  5. Lake County, Minnesota 21.75%



See also



  • United States Senate election, 1932

  • United States House election, 1932

  • History of the United States (1918–1945)

  • Timeline of the Great Depression

  • Causes of the Great Depression

  • Great Contraction

  • First inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt

  • Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt



References





  1. ^ "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.


  2. ^ History of American Political Parties


  3. ^ abc Neal, Stephen (2010). Happy Days Are Here Again: The 1932 Democratic Convention, the Emergence of FDR--and How America Was Changed Forever. HarperCollins. ISBN 9780062015419.


  4. ^ "Address Accepting the Presidential Nomination at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved 24 November 2017.


  5. ^ Arnold Shaw, The jazz age: popular music in the 1920s (1989) p. 228


  6. ^ The Election of 1932 – Franklin D. Roosevelt and the First New Deal. Boundless.com. Retrieved on July 14, 2013.


  7. ^ William E. Leuchtenburg, Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal 1932–1940 (1963) pp. 1–17


  8. ^ ab The Presidential Vote, 1896–1932, Edgar E. Robinson, pg. 29


  9. ^ Leuchtenberg, William E. (2009). Herbert Hoover. Times Books. pp. 138–139.


  10. ^ Leuchtenburg, Franklin D. Roosevelt, p 11


  11. ^ "Overall Unemployment Rate in the U.S. Civilian Labor Force, 1920–2007 – Infoplease.com". Infoplease.com. Retrieved November 4, 2008.


  12. ^ "Timeline of the Great Depression". Hyperhistory.com. Retrieved November 4, 2008.


  13. ^ Rauchway, Eric (2019). "The New Deal Was on the Ballot in 1932". Modern American History: 1–13. doi:10.1017/mah.2018.42. ISSN 2515-0456.


  14. ^ Cambell, Jeff (November 19, 2008). "Hoover's Popularity". Lonely Planet.


  15. ^ abc Gibbs, Nancy (November 10, 2008). "When New President Meets Old, It's Not Always Pretty". TIME.


  16. ^ The Presidential Vote, 1896–1932 – Google Books. Stanford University Press. 1934. ISBN 9780804716963. Retrieved August 12, 2014.


  17. ^ The Presidential Vote, 1896–1932, Edgar E. Robinson, p. 30


  18. ^ "1932 Presidential General Election Data – National". Retrieved April 8, 2013.




Further reading



  • Andersen, Kristi. The Creation of a Democratic Majority: 1928–1936 (1979), statistical study of voting patterns

  • Burns, James Macgregor. Roosevelt the Lion and the Fox (1956) online pp 123–52.

  • Carcasson, Martin. "Herbert Hoover and the presidential campaign of 1932: The failure of apologia." Presidential Studies Quarterly 28.2 (1998): 349-365. in JSTOR

  • Eden, Robert. "On the Origins of the Regime of Pragmatic Liberalism: John Dewey, Adolf A. Berle, and FDR's Commonwealth Club Address of 1932." Studies in American Political Development (1993) 7#1 pp: 74-150.

  • Freidel, Frank Franklin D. Roosevelt The Triumph (1956) covers 1929-32 in depth online

  • Freidel, Frank. "Election of 1932", in Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., ed., The Coming to Power: Critical Presidential Elections in American History (1981)


  • Gosnell, Harold F., Champion Campaigner: Franklin D. Roosevelt (1952)

  • Gosnell, Harold F., and Norman N. Gill. "An Analysis of the 1932 Presidential Vote in Chicago." American Political Science Review 29.06 (1935): 967–984, statistical online

  • Houck, D.W. "Commonwealth Club Address: Redefining Individualism, Adjudicating Greatness" 7(3) Rhetoric & Public Affairs (2004) 7#3 pp 259+

  • Hoover, Herbert. The Memoirs of Herbert Hoover: The Great Depression, 1929–1941 (1952)

  • Nicolaides, Becky M. "Radio Electioneering in the American Presidential Campaigns of 1932 and 1936," Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television, June 1988, Vol. 8 Issue 2, pp 115–138

  • O'Mara, Margaret. Pivotal Tuesdays: Four Elections That Shaped the Twentieth Century (2015), compares 1912, 1932, 1968, 1992 in terms of social, economic, and political history

  • Peel, Roy V. and Thomas C. Donnelly, The 1932 Campaign: An Analysis (1935)


  • Pietrusza, David 1932: The Rise of Hitler and FDR: Two Tales of Politics, Betrayal and Unlikely Destiny (2015)


  • Ritchie, Donald A. Electing FDR: The New Deal Campaign of 1932 (2007)


  • Ritchie, Donald A. "The Election of 1932" in William D. Pederson, ed. A Companion to Franklin D. Roosevelt (2011) pp 77–95 online

  • Robinson, Edgar Eugene. The Presidential Vote, 1896–1932 (Stanford university press, 1940) voting returns for every county


  • Schlesinger, Jr., Arthur M. The Crisis of the Old Order (1957), pp 427–54 online



External links








  • United States presidential election of 1932 at Encyclopædia Britannica

  • 1932 popular vote by counties


  • How close was the 1932 election? – Michael Sheppard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  • Election of 1932 in Counting the Votes













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