格西






























藏传佛教
金刚













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格西（藏文：.mw-parser-output .uchen{font-family:"Qomolangma-Dunhuang","Qomolangma-Uchen Sarchen","Qomolangma-Uchen Sarchung","Qomolangma-Uchen Suring","Qomolangma-Uchen Sutung","Qomolangma-Title","Qomolangma-Subtitle","Qomolangma-Woodblock","DDC Uchen","DDC Rinzin",Kailash,"BabelStone Tibetan",Jomolhari,"TCRC Youtso Unicode","Tibetan Machine Uni",Wangdi29,"Noto Sans Tibetan","Microsoft Himalaya"}.mw-parser-output .ume{font-family:"Qomolangma-Betsu","Qomolangma-Chuyig","Qomolangma-Drutsa","Qomolangma-Edict","Qomolangma-Tsumachu","Qomolangma-Tsuring","Qomolangma-Tsutong","TibetanSambhotaYigchung","TibetanTsugRing","TibetanYigchung"}དགེ་བཤེས།，藏语拼音：gêxê，威利：dge bshes），汉语意译為善知识、善友，是善知識（dge ba'i bshes gnyen）的略稱[1]，為藏传佛教格鲁派僧侣经过长期的修学而获得的一种宗教学位。




目录






  • 1 通過條件


  • 2 分級


  • 3 歷史


  • 4 参考文献





通過條件


要精通五部大论，即《入中论》、《现观庄严论》、《戒律本論》、《釋量論》和《俱舍论》，学习完毕参加辩经考取学位。在藏传佛教格鲁派具有颇高的身份。



分級


在格鲁派拉萨三大寺系统中格西又分四级，即拉然巴格西、磋然巴格西、林赛格西和朵然巴格西。



歷史


因為藏傳佛教的比丘尼傳統斷絕，長期以來，獲得格西頭銜的僧侶，全為男性比丘。在第十四世達賴喇嘛的推動下，2016年12月22日，在印度南哲蚌寺，藏人行政中央宗教與文化部首度授與20名女性出家眾格西頭銜，是西藏歷史上首批女性格西[2]。



参考文献





  1. ^ 劉宇光, 中世紀印度的系統知識及其載體：論書(Śāstra)、見(Darśana)及班智達 (Paṇḍita) (PDF), 《世界宗教學刊》(Journal of World Religion) 第六期: 39–84, 2006 


  2. ^ 西藏诞生首批女格西 达赖喇嘛吁利用所学利众. 西藏之声. 2016-12-22 [2016-12-22]. 









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