九卿
Multi tool use
关于
九卿的其它含义，请参见
九卿 (消歧义)。
九卿是秦汉时期的中央政府九个主要的官职，通常也以此来表示整个朝廷。分别是：奉常（汉景帝改太常）、郎中令（汉武帝时改称光禄勋，东汉时复旧）、卫尉、太仆、廷尉、典客（汉改大行令、武帝时又改大鸿胪）、宗正、治粟内史（汉武帝时改大司农）、少府。
魏晋起，九卿职任转轻，政务转由尚书台诸曹办理。梁武帝在天監七年（508年）改置十二卿[1]：
- 春卿：太常卿、宗正卿、司農卿
- 夏卿：太府卿、少府卿、太僕卿
- 秋卿：衛尉卿、廷尉卿、大匠卿
- 冬卿：光祿卿、鴻臚卿、太舟卿
南朝陳基本沿襲梁制，隋朝恢復九卿制度。隋唐五代迄于宋，九卿基本上为迁转之官，位秩很高但没有实际职务。唯宗正一职迄清而不废。
明朝，以六部尚书、都察院都御史、大理寺卿、通政使为“大九卿”；太常寺卿、太仆寺卿、光禄寺卿、詹事、翰林学士、鸿胪寺卿、国子监祭酒、上林苑卿、尚宝司卿为“小九卿”。
清朝，九卿泛指六部尚书之外的独立官署的长官，但没有明确的范围；另称宗人府府丞、詹事、太常寺卿、太仆寺卿、光禄寺卿、鸿胪寺卿、国子监祭酒、顺天府府尹、左右春坊庶子为“小九卿”。《日下旧闻考·官署》：“其同班序产，翰林七品有小九卿六品之上，宫坊六品在小九卿五品之上，宫坊五品在大九卿五品之上，讲读学士在大九卿四品之上。”
参考文献
参见
九卿九寺
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九卿：
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太常 |
光禄勋 |
卫尉 |
宗正 |
太仆 |
廷尉 |
大鸿胪 |
大司农 |
少府
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九寺：
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太常寺# |
光禄寺# |
衛尉寺 |
宗正寺 |
太僕寺# |
大理寺# |
鸿胪寺# |
司農寺 |
太府寺
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注：#者为明清五寺
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九卿
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秦汉
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奉常（太常） · 郎中令（光禄勋） · 卫尉 · 太仆 · 廷尉 · 典客（大行令、大鸿胪） · 宗正 · 治粟内史（大司农） · 少府
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| 明 |
| 七卿 |
吏部尚書 · 户部尚書 · 礼部尚書 · 兵部尚書 · 刑部尚書 · 工部尚書 · 都御史
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大理寺卿 · 通政使
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关于九卿的其它含义，请参见九卿 (消歧义)。
