Chromosome 8




































































Chromosome 8

Human male karyotpe high resolution - Chromosome 8 cropped.png
Human chromosome 8 pair after G-banding.
One is from mother, one is from father.


Human male karyotpe high resolution - Chromosome 8.png
Chromosome 8 pair
in human male karyogram.

Features
Length (bp) 145,138,636 bp
(GRCh38)[1]

No. of genes		 646 (CCDS)[2]
Type Autosome
Centromere position
Submetacentric[3]
(45.2 Mbp[4])
Complete gene lists
CCDS Gene list
HGNC Gene list
UniProt Gene list
NCBI Gene list
External map viewers
Ensembl Chromosome 8
Entrez Chromosome 8
NCBI Chromosome 8
UCSC Chromosome 8
Full DNA sequences
RefSeq NC_000008 (FASTA)
GenBank CM000670 (FASTA)

Chromosome 8 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 8 spans about 145 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 4.5 and 5.0% of the total DNA in cells.[5]


About 8% of its genes are involved in brain development and function, and about 16% are involved in cancer. A unique feature of 8p is a region of about 15 megabases that appears to have a high mutation rate. This region shows a significant divergence between human and chimpanzee, suggesting that its high mutation rates have contributed to the evolution of the human brain.[5]




Contents






  • 1 Genes


    • 1.1 Number of genes


    • 1.2 Gene list




  • 2 Diseases and disorders


  • 3 Cytogenetic band


  • 4 References


  • 5 External links





Genes



Number of genes


The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 8. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.[6]



















































Estimated by
Protein-coding genes
Non-coding RNA genes
Pseudogenes
 Source
 Release date
CCDS 646 — —
 [2] 2016-09-08
HGNC 656 242 539
 [7] 2017-05-12
Ensembl 670 1,052 613
 [8] 2017-03-29
UniProt 703 — —
 [9] 2018-02-28
NCBI 719 848 682
[10][11][12]
 2017-05-19


Gene list


See also: Category:Genes on human chromosome 8.

The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 8. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right.





  • ADHFE1 encoding protein Alcohol dehydrogenase, iron containing 1


  • AEG1 : Astrocyte Elevated Gene (linked to hepatocellular carcinoma and neuroblastoma)


  • ANK1: ankyrin 1, erythrocytic

  • Arc/Arg3.1


  • ASAH1: N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase (acid ceramidase) 1


  • ASPH: encoding enzyme Aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase


  • AZIN1: encoding protein Antizyme inhibitor 1


  • BRF2: transcription factor IIIB 50 kDa subunit


  • C8orf32/WDYHV1: encoding enzyme Protein N-terminal glutamine amidohydrolase


  • C8orf33: chromosome 8, open reading frame 33


  • C8orf4: encoding protein Uncharacterized protein C8orf4


  • C8orf46: encoding protein chromosome 8 open reading frame 46 (C8orf46)


  • C8orf48 encoding protein C8orf48


  • C8orf58: chromosome 8 open reading frame 58


  • CCAT1: colon cancer associated transcript 1


  • CCDC25: coiled-coil domain containing protein 25


  • CHD7: chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 7


  • CHMP4C: Charged multivesicular body protein 4c


  • CHRAC1 encoding protein Chromatin accessibility complex 1


  • CHRNA2: cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha 2 (neuronal)


  • CLN8: ceroid-lipofuscinosis, neuronal 8


  • CNGB3: cyclic nucleotide gated channel beta 3


  • COH1: vacuolar protein sorting 13B


  • CRISPLD1 encoding protein Cysteine rich secretory protein LCCL domain containing 1


  • CSGALNACT1: Chondroitin sulfate N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1


  • CTHRC1 encoding protein Collagen triple helix repeat containing 1


  • CYP11B1: cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily B, polypeptide 1


  • CYP11B2: cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily B, polypeptide 2


  • DCSTAMP: dendrocyte expressed seven transmembrane protein


  • DPYS: dihydropyrimidinase


  • EBAG9: Estrogen receptor binding site associated antigen 9


  • EPPK1: epiplakin


  • ERICH5 encoding protein Glutamate rich 5


  • ESCO2: establishment of sister chromatid cohesion N-acetyltransferase 2


  • EXT1: exostosin glycosyltransferase 1


  • EXTL3: exostosin-like glycosyltransferase 3


  • EYA1: EYA transcriptional coactivator and phosphatase 1


  • FABP9: fatty acid binding protein 9, testis


  • FAM167A: family with sequence similarity 167, member A


  • FAM203B: family with sequence similarity 203, member B


  • FAM83A: family with sequence similarity 83, member A


  • FAM83H: family with sequence similarity 83, member H


  • FBXO16 encoding protein F-box protein 16


  • FDFT1 encoding protein Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1


  • FGFR1: fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (fms-related tyrosine kinase 2, Pfeiffer syndrome)


  • FGL1: Fibrinogen-like protein 1


  • GDAP1: ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated protein 1


  • GDF6: growth differentiation factor 6


  • GPIHBP1: GPI-anchored high density lipoprotein binding protein 1


  • GRINA: encoding protein Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate-associated protein 1 (glutamate binding)


  • GSDMC encoding protein Gasdermin C


  • GULOP pseudogene: responsible for human inability to produce Vitamin C


  • HGSNAT: heparan-alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase


  • HMBOX1: encoding protein Homeobox containing 1, also known as homeobox telomere-binding protein 1 (HOT1)


  • HRSP12 encoding enzyme Ribonuclease UK114


  • INTS8: integrator complex subunit 8


  • INTS9: integrator complex subunit 9


  • KCNQ3: potassium channel, voltage gated KQT-like subfamily Q, member 3.


  • KIAA0196: KIAA0196


  • KIF13B encoding protein Kinesin family member 13B


  • LACTB2: lactamase, beta 2


  • LAPTM4B: lysosomal-associated transmembrane protein 4B


  • LOC642658: encoding protein Basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor scleraxis


  • LPL: lipoprotein lipase


  • LSM1: U6 snRNA-associated Sm-like protein LSm1


  • MAK16: MAK16 homolog


  • MCPH1: microcephaly, primary autosomal recessive 1


  • MIR6850 encoding protein MicroRNA 6850


  • MRPL13 encoding protein Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L13


  • MYBL1 encoding protein MYB proto-oncogene like 1


  • NBN: nibrin


  • NDRG1: N-myc downstream regulated gene 1


  • NEF3: neurofilament 3 (150kDa medium)


  • NEFL: neurofilament, light polypeptide 68kDa


  • ODF1: outer dense fiber protein 1


  • OTUD6B: OTU domain containing 6B


  • PDP1: pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase catalytic subunit 1


  • PKIA: cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor alpha


  • PLEC: plectin


  • PNMA2: paraneoplastic antigen Ma2


  • PREX2: phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 2


  • PROSC: proline synthetase co-transcribe bacterial homolog protein

  • GLI4: encoding protein Gli family zinc finger 4


  • PURG encoding protein Purine-rich element binding protein G


  • PVT1: Pvt1 oncogene


  • RECQL4: RecQ protein-like 4


  • RNF5P1: ring finger protein 5 pseudogene 1


  • RRS1: ribosome biogenesis regulator homolog


  • RUNX1T1: runt-related transcription factor 1; translocated to, 1 (cyclin D-related)


  • SFTPC: surfactant protein C


  • SLC20A2: Sodium-dependent phosphate transporter 2


  • SLURP1: secreted LY6/PLAUR domain containing 1


  • SNAI2: snail homolog 2 (Drosophila)


  • SPAG11B: sperm-associated antigen 11B


  • STAU2: staufen double-stranded RNA binding protein 2


  • SYBU: Syntabulin


  • TG: thyroglobulin


  • THAP1: THAP domain containing, apoptosis associated protein 1


  • TMEM67: encoding protein Meckelin


  • TNFRSF11B: tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 11b


  • TONSL: encoding protein Tonsoku-like, DNA repair protein


  • TPA: tissue plasminogen activator


  • TRMT12: tRNA methyltransferase 12 homolog


  • TRPS1: trichorhinophalangeal syndrome I


  • TTI2 encoding protein TELO2 interacting protein 2


  • VCPIP1: valosin containing protein/p47 complex interacting protein 1


  • VMAT1: vesicular monoamine transporter protein


  • VPS13B: vacuolar protein sorting 13 homolog B (yeast)


  • VPS37A: vacuolar protein sorting 37 homolog A


  • WRN: Werner syndrome


  • YTHDF3: YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 3


  • ZFP41: encoding protein ZFP41 zinc finger protein


  • ZHX2: zinc fingers and homeoboxes protein 2


  • ZMAT4: zinc finger matrin-type 4


  • ZNF16: zinc finger protein 16


  • ZNF395: encoding protein Zinc finger protein 395


  • ZNF517 encoding protein Zinc finger protein 517


  • ZNF696 encoding protein Zinc finger protein 696


  • ZNF703: zinc finger protein 703


  • ZNF706: zinc finger protein 706


  • ZNF707: encoding protein Zinc finger protein 707




Diseases and disorders


The following diseases and disorders are some of those related to genes on chromosome 8:




  • 8p23.1 duplication syndrome

  • Burkitt's lymphoma

  • Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

  • COACH Syndrome

  • Cleft lip and palate

  • Cohen syndrome

  • Congenital hypothyroidism

  • Fahr's syndrome

  • Hereditary Multiple Exostoses

  • Lipoprotein lipase deficiency, familial

  • Myelodysplastic syndrome

  • Pfeiffer syndrome

  • Primary microcephaly

  • Rothmund-Thomson syndrome


  • Schizophrenia, associated with 8p21-22 locus[13][14][15]

  • Waardenburg syndrome

  • Werner syndrome

  • Pingelapese blindness

  • Langer-Giedion syndrome

  • Roberts Syndrome




Cytogenetic band


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G-banding ideograms of human chromosome 8



G-banding ideogram of human chromosome 8 in resolution 850 bphs. Band length in this diagram is proportional to base-pair length. This type of ideogram is generally used in genome browsers (e.g. Ensembl, UCSC Genome Browser).




G-banding patterns of human chromosome 8 in three different resolutions (400,[16] 550[17] and 850[4]). Band length in this diagram is based on the ideograms from ISCN (2013).[18] This type of ideogram represents actual relative band length observed under a microscope at the different moments during the mitotic process.[19]












































































































































































































































































































































































































































































G-bands of human chromosome 8 in resolution 850 bphs[4]
Chr.
 Arm[20]
 Band[21]
 ISCN
start[22]
 ISCN
stop[22]
 Basepair
start
 Basepair
stop
 Stain[23]
 Density
8 p
 23.3 0 115 7000100000000000000♠1
7006230000000000000♠2,300,000
 gneg
8 p
 23.2 115 331 7006230000100000000♠2,300,001
7006630000000000000♠6,300,000
 gpos 75
8 p
 23.1 331 690 7006630000100000000♠6,300,001
7007128000000000000♠12,800,000
 gneg
8 p
 22 690 992 7007128000010000000♠12,800,001
7007192000000000000♠19,200,000
 gpos 100
8 p
 21.3 992 1179 7007192000010000000♠19,200,001
7007235000000000000♠23,500,000
 gneg
8 p
 21.2 1179 1380 7007235000010000000♠23,500,001
7007275000000000000♠27,500,000
 gpos 50
8 p
 21.1 1380 1639 7007275000010000000♠27,500,001
7007290000000000000♠29,000,000
 gneg
8 p
 12 1639 1897
7006290000000000000♠2,900,0001
7007367000000000000♠36,700,000
 gpos 75
8 p
 11.23 1897 2041 7007367000010000000♠36,700,001
7007385000000000000♠38,500,000
 gneg
8 p
 11.22 2041 2156 7007385000010000000♠38,500,001
7007399000000000000♠39,900,000
 gpos 25
8 p
 11.21 2156 2343 7007399000010000000♠39,900,001
7007432000000000000♠43,200,000
 gneg
8 p
 11.1 2343 2472 7007432000010000000♠43,200,001
7007452000000000000♠45,200,000
 acen
8 q
 11.1 2472 2645 7007452000010000000♠45,200,001
7007472000000000000♠47,200,000
 acen
8 q
 11.21 2645 2817 7007472000010000000♠47,200,001
7007513000000000000♠51,300,000
 gneg
8 q
 11.22 2817 3033 7007513000010000000♠51,300,001
7007517000000000000♠51,700,000
 gpos 75
8 q
 11.23 3033 3277 7007517000010000000♠51,700,001
7007546000000000000♠54,600,000
 gneg
8 q
 12.1 3277 3493 7007546000010000000♠54,600,001
7007606000000000000♠60,600,000
 gpos 50
8 q
 12.2 3493 3622 7007606000010000000♠60,600,001
7007613000000000000♠61,300,000
 gneg
8 q
 12.3 3622 3809 7007613000010000000♠61,300,001
7007651000000000000♠65,100,000
 gpos 50
8 q
 13.1 3809 3938 7007651000010000000♠65,100,001
7007671000000000000♠67,100,000
 gneg
8 q
 13.2 3938 4096 7007671000010000000♠67,100,001
7007696000000000000♠69,600,000
 gpos 50
8 q
 13.3 4096 4312 7007696000010000000♠69,600,001
7007720000000000000♠72,000,000
 gneg
8 q
 21.11 4312 4545
7006720000000000000♠7,200,0001
7007746000000000000♠74,600,000
 gpos 100
8 q
 21.12 4545 4628 7007746000010000000♠74,600,001
7007747000000000000♠74,700,000
 gneg
8 q
 21.13 4628 4858 7007747000010000000♠74,700,001
7007835000000000000♠83,500,000
 gpos 75
8 q
 21.2 4858 4959 7007835000010000000♠83,500,001
7007859000000000000♠85,900,000
 gneg
8 q
 21.3 4959 5289 7007859000010000000♠85,900,001
7007923000000000000♠92,300,000
 gpos 100
8 q
 22.1 5289 5577 7007923000010000000♠92,300,001
7007979000000000000♠97,900,000
 gneg
8 q
 22.2 5577 5692 7007979000010000000♠97,900,001
7008100500000000000♠100,500,000
 gpos 25
8 q
 22.3 5692 5922 7008100500001000000♠100,500,001
7008105100000000000♠105,100,000
 gneg
8 q
 23.1 5922 6152 7008105100001000000♠105,100,001
7008109500000000000♠109,500,000
 gpos 75
8 q
 23.2 6152 6267 7008109500001000000♠109,500,001
7008111100000000000♠111,100,000
 gneg
8 q
 23.3 6267 6611 7008111100001000000♠111,100,001
7008116700000000000♠116,700,000
 gpos 100
8 q
 24.11 6611 6726 7008116700001000000♠116,700,001
7008118300000000000♠118,300,000
 gneg
8 q
 24.12 6726 6942 7008118300001000000♠118,300,001
7008121500000000000♠121,500,000
 gpos 50
8 q
 24.13 6942 7244 7008121500001000000♠121,500,001
7008126300000000000♠126,300,000
 gneg
8 q
 24.21 7244 7431 7008126300001000000♠126,300,001
7008130400000000000♠130,400,000
 gpos 50
8 q
 24.22 7431 7661 7008130400001000000♠130,400,001
7008135400000000000♠135,400,000
 gneg
8 q
 24.23 7661 7804 7008135400001000000♠135,400,001
7008138900000000000♠138,900,000
 gpos 75
8 q
 24.3 7804 8250 7008138900001000000♠138,900,001
7008145138636000000♠145,138,636
 gneg


References





  1. ^ "Human Genome Assembly GRCh38 - Genome Reference Consortium". National Center for Biotechnology Information. 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2017-03-04..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ ab "Search results - 8[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("has ccds"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene". NCBI. CCDS Release 20 for Homo sapiens. 2016-09-08. Retrieved 2017-05-28.


  3. ^ Tom Strachan; Andrew Read (2 April 2010). Human Molecular Genetics. Garland Science. p. 45. ISBN 978-1-136-84407-2.


  4. ^ abc Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (850 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2017-04-26.


  5. ^ ab Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Rubenstein JL; Rubenstein (2009). "Chromosome 8p as a potential hub for developmental neuropsychiatric disorders: implications for schizophrenia, autism and cancer". Mol Psychiatry. 14 (6): 563–89. doi:10.1038/mp.2009.2. PMID 19204725.


  6. ^ Pertea M, Salzberg SL (2010). "Between a chicken and a grape: estimating the number of human genes". Genome Biol. 11 (5): 206. doi:10.1186/gb-2010-11-5-206. PMC 2898077. PMID 20441615.


  7. ^ "Statistics & Downloads for chromosome 8". HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee. 2017-05-12. Retrieved 2017-05-19.


  8. ^ "Chromosome 8: Chromosome summary - Homo sapiens". Ensembl Release 88. 2017-03-29. Retrieved 2017-05-19.


  9. ^ "Human chromosome 8: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM". UniProt. 2018-02-28. Retrieved 2018-03-16.


  10. ^ "Search results - 8[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("genetype protein coding"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene". NCBI. 2017-05-19. Retrieved 2017-05-20.


  11. ^ "Search results - 8[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ( ("genetype miscrna"[Properties] OR "genetype ncrna"[Properties] OR "genetype rrna"[Properties] OR "genetype trna"[Properties] OR "genetype scrna"[Properties] OR "genetype snrna"[Properties] OR "genetype snorna"[Properties]) NOT "genetype protein coding"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene". NCBI. 2017-05-19. Retrieved 2017-05-20.


  12. ^ "Search results - 8[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("genetype pseudo"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene". NCBI. 2017-05-19. Retrieved 2017-05-20.


  13. ^ Blouin JL, Dombroski BA, Nath SK, et al. (September 1998). "Schizophrenia susceptibility loci on chromosomes 13q32 and 8p21". Nat. Genet. 20 (1): 70–3. doi:10.1038/1734. PMID 9731535.


  14. ^ Gurling HM, Kalsi G, Brynjolfson J, et al. (March 2001). "Genomewide genetic linkage analysis confirms the presence of susceptibility loci for schizophrenia, on chromosomes 1q32.2, 5q33.2, and 8p21-22 and provides support for linkage to schizophrenia, on chromosomes 11q23.3-24 and 20q12.1-11.23". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 68 (3): 661–73. doi:10.1086/318788. PMC 1274479. PMID 11179014.


  15. ^ Suarez BK, Duan J, Sanders AR, et al. (February 2006). "Genomewide linkage scan of 409 European-ancestry and African American families with schizophrenia: suggestive evidence of linkage at 8p23.3-p21.2 and 11p13.1-q14.1 in the combined sample". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 78 (2): 315–33. doi:10.1086/500272. PMC 1380238. PMID 16400611.


  16. ^ Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (400 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-03-04. Retrieved 2017-04-26.


  17. ^ Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (550 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2015-08-11. Retrieved 2017-04-26.


  18. ^ International Standing Committee on Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). ISCN 2013: An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. ISBN 978-3-318-02253-7.


  19. ^ Sethakulvichai, W.; Manitpornsut, S.; Wiboonrat, M.; Lilakiatsakun, W.; Assawamakin, A.; Tongsima, S. (2012). "Estimation of band level resolutions of human chromosome images" (PDF). In Computer Science and Software Engineering (JCSSE), 2012 International Joint Conference on: 276–282. doi:10.1109/JCSSE.2012.6261965.


  20. ^ "p": Short arm; "q": Long arm.


  21. ^ For cytogenetic banding nomenclature, see article locus.


  22. ^ ab These values (ISCN start/stop) are based on the length of bands/ideograms from the ISCN book, An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Arbitrary unit.


  23. ^ gpos: Region which is positively stained by G banding, generally AT-rich and gene poor; gneg: Region which is negatively stained by G banding, generally CG-rich and gene rich; acen Centromere. var: Variable region; stalk: Stalk.



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  • Gilbert F (2001). "Chromosome 8". Genet Test. 5 (4): 345–54. doi:10.1089/109065701753617516. PMID 11960583.


  • Nusbaum C; et al. (2006). "DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 8". Nature. 439 (7074): 331–5. Bibcode:2006Natur.439..331N. doi:10.1038/nature04406. PMID 16421571.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)




External links








  • National Institutes of Health. "Chromosome 8". Genetics Home Reference. Retrieved 2017-05-06.


  • "Chromosome 8". Human Genome Project Information Archive 1990–2003. Retrieved 2017-05-06.










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Mount Tamalpais

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Mount Tamalpais Mount Tamalpais, viewed from the south Highest point Elevation 2,571 ft (784 m)   NAVD 88 [1] Prominence 2,456 ft (749 m)  [1] Listing California county high points 55th Coordinates 37°55′45″N 122°34′40″W  /  37.929088°N 122.577829°W  / 37.929088; -122.577829 Coordinates: 37°55′45″N 122°34′40″W  /  37.929088°N 122.577829°W  / 37.929088; -122.577829   [1] Geography Mount Tamalpais Marin County, California, U.S. Show map of California Mount Tamalpais Mount Tamalpais (the US) Show map of the US Parent range California Coast Ranges Topo map USGS San Rafael Geology Mountain type Sedimentary Climbing First ascent 1830s by Jacob P. Leese (first recorded ascent) [2] Easiest route Railroad Grade fire trail Mount Tamalpais ( / t æ m əl ˈ p aɪ . ɪ s / ; TAM -əl- PY -iss ; Coast Miwok: /t̪ɑmɑlˈpɑis̺/ , known locally as Mount Tam ) is a peak in Marin County, California, United State...
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Indian Forest Service

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Indian Forest Service Service Overview Preceding service Imperial Forest Service (1864 to 1935) Year of Constitution 1966 Country India Staff College Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA), Dehradun, Uttarakhand Cadre Controlling Authority Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change Legal personality Governmental: Government service General nature Administration of Forest and Wildlife resources Cadre strength 3131 (2182 Direct Recruits and 949 Promotion Posts) Website ifs.nic.in Service Chief Director General of Forests Siddhanth Das, IFS (1982 Batch, Odisha Cadre) [1] Head of the All India Civil Services Cabinet Secretary Pradeep Kumar Sinha, IAS Indian Forest Service (भारतीय वन सेवा) [2] is one of the three All India Services of the Government of India. The other two All India Services being the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Police Service (IPS). [3] [4] [5] It was constituted in...
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