遺跡

Multi tool use

本文介紹的是考古学所指的古人遺留的建築物或生活環境的遺址。關於具體遺產或遺址,請見「
古蹟」。
遺跡,又稱遗址,是古代人類遺留下來的建築物遺址與生活環境的遺址,属于考古学概念。例如:古代皇宮、陵墓、萬里長城、金字塔、神社、寺廟、帕德嫩神廟等。
特點
大多遗址的特点表现为不完整的残存物,具有一定的区域范围。很多史前遗址、远古遗址多深埋地表以下。埋藏地下的遗址的发现多与人类活动有关,如农业生产、建筑工地施工等;很多古代遗址属于探险发现。古代城市、古代建筑遗址多为残垣断壁,各种生活用品表现为不残破和不完整,但可以通过考古和人类学研究寻找人类生活轨迹。很多遗址属于战争、灾难之后的遗存。遺跡在考古學、歷史研究上扮演著重要的角色,提供研究人員了解古代人類生活的部分面貌。
種類
遗址为文物,属于文化古蹟。
按照時間,遗址可分為以下種類:
- 人类在史前生活的遗存称为“史前遗址”;
- 人类文明以后,历史年代久远的遗存称为“古代遗址”;
- 历史年代不久远的遗存多属于具有特殊文化意义为纪念地。
- 用於命名整個史前文化的遺址,被稱作命名遺址。
按照建築類別,可分為以下種類:
參見
外部連結
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維基導遊上的相關旅行指南:考古遺址
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- the Archaeological Conservation Group of Icon, the Institute of Conservation (UK Professional body)
规范控制 |
- AAT: 300000810
- NARA: 10646987
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