脂肪族化合物




脂肪族化合物，又稱脂肪烴，是指結構上不含苯环或其它芳香环的烴類，和芳香族化合物相對。[1]




目录






  • 1 概述


  • 2 例子


  • 3 参见


  • 4 参考资料





概述


有机化学中，碳氢化合物被划分为两类：脂肪族化合物和芳香族化合物。芳香族化合物指含有苯环或其它芳香环的烴類，而脂肪族化合物则与其相对，是指結構上不含芳香环的烴類。[2]脂肪族化合物中，碳原子以直链、支链或环状排列，分别称为直链脂肪烃、支链脂肪烃及脂环烃。脂肪族化合物可以是烷烃、烯烃或炔烃。除氢之外，其它的原子也可存在，比如氧、氮、硫和氯。


最简单的脂肪族化合物是甲烷（CH4）。


大多数脂肪族化合物都可燃，有些可作为燃料，比如本生灯中的甲烷和电焊气中的乙炔。



例子






  • 乙烷







  • 异丁烷







  • 乙炔






参见



  • 烷烃

  • 烯烃

  • 炔烃

  • 芳香族化合物

  • 碳-碳键

  • 烃



参考资料




  1. ^ 高雄市立高雄高級中學化學科研究. 高中基礎化學(二) 第三章 有機化合物. : 2 （中文（台灣）‎）.  使用|accessdate=需要含有|url= (帮助)


  2. ^ International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (1995). "Aliphatic compounds". Compendium of Chemical Terminology Internet edition.





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