Father-in-law of Europe






King Christian IX with his large family gathered at Fredensborg Palace, painting by Laurits Tuxen from 1883 to 1886


The Father-in-law of Europe is a sobriquet which has been used to refer to two European monarchs of the late 19th and early 20th century: Christian IX of Denmark and Nicholas I of Montenegro, both on account of their children's marriages to foreign princes and princesses. The fact that each was a monarch of moderate or modest power (and thus a marriage would not threaten the delicate balance of power) allowed them to marry some of their many children to heirs of greater fortunes across the continent.




Contents






  • 1 Christian IX of Denmark


  • 2 Nicholas I of Montenegro


  • 3 See also


  • 4 References





Christian IX of Denmark


The children of King Christian IX (1818–1906) and Queen Louise (1817–1898) of Denmark included:




  • King Frederick VIII of Denmark (1843–1912)


  • Queen Alexandra of the United Kingdom (1844–1925) queen consort of King Edward VII


  • King George I of Greece (1845–1913)


  • Empress Maria Feodorovna of Russia (1847–1928) empress consort of Tsar Alexander III


  • Crown Princess Thyra of Hanover (1853–1933), who married Crown Prince Ernest Augustus


Christian IX used to gather his children, children-in-law and grandchildren for the so-called Fredensborg days at Fredensborg Palace north of Copenhagen in the summer time.[1] Christian and Louise's grandchildren included King George V of the United Kingdom, Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, King Constantine I of Greece and both King Haakon VII and his consort, Queen Maud of Norway.



Nicholas I of Montenegro


Nicholas I of Montenegro (1841–1921) was the father of:




  • Zorka of Montenegro, who married King Peter I of Serbia


  • Elena of Montenegro, who married King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy


  • Anna of Montenegro, who married Prince Francis Joseph of Battenberg

  • Two daughters who married brothers:


    • Anastasia of Montenegro, who married Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia after divorcing George, Duke of Leuchtenberg


    • Milica of Montenegro, who married Grand Duke Peter Nikolaevich of Russia





See also




  • Queen Victoria was known as the grandmother of Europe.


  • John William Friso, Prince of Orange, the most recent ancestor of all current European royal houses
    • Royal descendants of John William Friso




References





  1. ^ "Christian 9. med familie, 1886". De Danske Kongers Kronologiske Samling. Retrieved 2011-06-23..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}























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