愛德華·薩丕爾









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愛德華·薩丕爾
Edward Sapir

Edward Sapir.jpg
出生
(1884-01-26)1884年1月26日
Flag of Prussia (1892-1918).svg 普魯士王國倫堡（今屬波蘭）
逝世
1939年2月4日(1939-02-04)（55歲）
 美國康乃狄克州紐黑文市
公民权
 美國
母校
哥倫比亞大學
知名于
美洲原住民語言的分類
薩丕爾-沃爾夫假說
人類語言學


科学生涯
研究領域
語言學、人類學
机构
芝加哥大學
加拿大文明博物馆
哥倫比亞大學
耶魯大學
论文
The Takelma language of southwestern Oregon（1909）
博士導師
法蘭茲·鮑亞士
博士生
瑪莉·哈斯（英语：Mary Haas）
李方桂
莫里斯·斯瓦迪士
哈利·霍耶（英语：Harry Hoijer）

愛德華·薩皮爾（德語：Edward Sapir，/səˈpɪər/，1884年1月26日－1939年2月4日）[1][2][3][4][5][6]，又譯沙皮尔[2][3][4][5]、萨丕尔[1][6]，生於普魯士王國倫堡（今屬波蘭），美国人类学家和语言学家[1]。




目录






  • 1 生平


  • 2 薩丕爾部分著作


    • 2.1 書籍


    • 2.2 論文或文章


    • 2.3 自傳型著作


    • 2.4 通信著作




  • 3 相關條目


  • 4 参考资料


  • 5 外部連結





生平


萨丕尔在德国出生。他1904年从哥伦比亚大学毕业。毕业以后两年，他参与了Wishram和Takelma语言的實地研究。萨丕尔在哥伦比亚的时候认识了他的恩师法蘭茲·鮑亞士。


他专门研究美洲原住民语言。曽指納-德内語系與漢藏語系同源。


萨丕尔曾在芝加哥大学和耶鲁大学任教，於1931年直至去世，他擔任耶魯大學人类学系的主席。他是首先考虑语言学与人类学之间的关系的语言学家之一。他的学生包括班傑明·李·沃爾夫（英语：Benjamin Lee Whorf）、瑪莉·哈斯（英语：Mary Haas）、查爾斯·F·霍克特（英语：Charles F. Hockett）、哈利·霍耶（英语：Harry Hoijer）和中国的李方桂。


他於1939年因心脏病而逝世，享年54歲。



薩丕爾部分著作



書籍




  • Sapir, Edward. Herder's "Ursprung der Sprache". Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1907. ASIN: B0006CWB2W. 


  • Sapir, Edward. On the etymology of Sanskrit asru, Avestan asru, Greek dakru. (编) Modi, Jivanji Jamshedji. Spiegel memorial volume. Papers on Iranian subjects written by various scholars in honour of the late Dr. Frederic Spiegel. Bombay: British India Press. 1908: 156–159. 


  • Sapir, Edward; Curtin, Jeremiah. Wishram texts, together with Wasco tales and myths. E.J. Brill. 1909. ISBN 0-404-58152-8. ASIN: B000855RIW. 


  • Sapir, Edward. Yana Texts. Berkeley University Press. 1910. ISBN 1-177-11286-8. 


  • Sapir, Edward. A sketch of the social organization of the Nass River Indians. Ottawa: Government Printing Office. 1915. 


  • Sapir, Edward. Noun reduplication in Comox, a Salish language of Vancouver island. Ottawa: Government Printing Office. 1915. 


  • Sapir, Edward. Time Perspective in Aboriginal American Culture, A Study in Method. Ottawa: Government Printing Bureau. 1916. 


  • Sapir, Edward. Dreams and Gibes. Boston: The Gorham Press. 1917. ISBN 0-548-56941-X. 


  • Sapir, Edward. Language: An introduction to the study of speech. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company. 1921. ISBN 4-87187-529-6. ASIN: B000NGWX8I. 


  • Sapir, Edward; Swadesh, Morris. Nootka Texts: Tales and ethnological narratives, with grammatical notes and lexical materials. Philadelphia: Linguistic Society of America. 1939. ISBN 0-404-11893-3. ASIN: B000EB54JC. 


  • Sapir, Edward. Mandelbaum, David, 编. Selected writings in language, culture and personality. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1949. ISBN 0-520-01115-5. ASIN: B000PX25CS. 


  • Sapir, Edward; Irvine, Judith. The psychology of culture: A course of lectures. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. 2002. ISBN 978-3-11-017282-9. 



論文或文章




  • Sapir, Edward. Preliminary report on the language and mythology of the Upper Chinook. American Anthropologist. 1907, 9: 533–544. doi:10.1525/aa.1907.9.3.02a00100. 


  • Sapir, Edward. Some fundamental characteristics of the Ute language. Science. 1910, 31 (31): 350–352. doi:10.1126/science.31.792.350. 


  • Sapir, Edward. Some aspects of Nootka language and culture. American Anthropologist. 1911, 13: 15–28. doi:10.1525/aa.1911.13.1.02a00030. 


  • Sapir, Edward. The problem of noun incorporation in American languages. American Anthropologist. 1911, 13: 250–282. doi:10.1525/aa.1911.13.2.02a00060. 


  • Sapir, E. Southern Paiute and Nahuatl, a study in Uto-Aztekan. Journal de la Société des Américanistes. 1913, 10 (2): 379–425. doi:10.3406/jsa.1913.2866. 


  • Sapir, Edward. The Na-dene languages: a preliminary report. American Anthropologist. 1915, 17: 765–773. doi:10.1525/aa.1915.17.3.02a00080. 


  • Sapir, Edward. Do we need a superorganic?. American Anthropologist. 1917, 19: 441–447. doi:10.1525/aa.1917.19.3.02a00150. 


  • Sapir, Edward. The grammarian and his language. The American Mercury. 1924, (1): 149–155. 


  • Sapir, Edward. Culture, Genuine and Spurious. The American Journal of Sociology. 1924, 29 (4): 401–429. doi:10.1086/213616. 


  • Sapir, Edward. Memorandum on the problem of an international auxiliary language. The Romanic Review. 1925, (16): 244–256. 


  • Sapir, Edward. Sound patterns in language. Language. 1925, (1): 37–51. doi:10.2307/409004. 


  • Sapir, Edward. The function of an international auxiliary language. Romanic Review. 1931, (11): 4–15. （原始内容存档于2009-10-28）. 


  • Sapir, Edward. Internal linguistic evidence suggestive of the Northern origin of the Navaho. American Anthropologist. 1936, 38: 224–235. doi:10.1525/aa.1936.38.2.02a00040. 


  • Sapir, Edward. Grading: a study in semantics. Philosophy of Science. 1944, (11): 93–116. doi:10.1086/286828. 


  • Sapir, Edward. The relation of American Indian linguistics to general linguistics. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology. 1947, (1): 1–4. 



自傳型著作




  • Koerner, E. F. K.; Koerner, Konrad. Edward Sapir: Appraisals of his life and work. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 1985. ISBN 978-90-272-4518-2. 


  • Cowan, William; Foster, Michael K.; Koerner, Konrad. New perspectives in language, culture, and personality: Proceedings of the Edward Sapir Centenary Conference (Ottawa, 1–3 October 1984). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 1986. ISBN 90-272-4522-3. 


  • Darnell, Regna. Edward Sapir: linguist, anthropologist, humanist. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1989. ISBN 978-0-520-06678-6. 


  • Sapir, Edward; Bright, William. Southern Paiute and Ute: linguistics and ethnography. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. 1992. ISBN 978-3-11-013543-5. 


  • Sapir, Edward; Darnell, Regna; Irvine, Judith T.; Handler, Richard. The collected works of Edward Sapir: culture. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. 1999. ISBN 978-3-11-012639-6. 



通信著作



  • Sapir, Edward; Kroeber, Alfred L.; Golla (ed.), Victor. The Sapir–Kroeber correspondence: Letters between Edward Sapir and A.L. Kroeber 1905–1925 (PDF). Reports from the Survey of California and other Indian languages. 1984, 6: 1–509. 


相關條目



  • 薩丕爾-沃夫假說

  • 逻辑语



参考资料





  1. ^ 1.01.11.2 《世界人名翻譯大辭典》，2440頁，「Sapir, Edward」條。


  2. ^ 2.02.1 國家教育研究院 雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網，「沙皮爾－沃爾夫假設」


  3. ^ 3.03.1 陳月娥. 104年社會學. 高普考試題. 千華數位文化. 2014: 392. ISBN 9789863741442. 


  4. ^ 4.04.1 賴盈銓. 漢俄語的文化概念詞「家」（dom）與「法」（zakon）比較研究：類型與特色 研究成果報告（精簡版）. 行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫 (國立政治大學斯拉夫語文學系). 2010: 貳、研究內容與問題討論 理論基礎. 


  5. ^ 5.05.1 許炳煌. 人類說話能力之探究-語言本能研讀計畫. 中華民國教育部96年度人文社會學科學術強化創新計畫 (國立臺北教育大學兒童英語教育學系): 第7頁. 


  6. ^ 6.06.1 蘇詠昌. 語言學常用詞匯英漢對照表. 香港理工大學中文及雙語學系. 1998: 英漢對照表 Applied Linguistics 應用語言學 字母檢閱「S」. 




外部連結






维基文库中该作者的作品：
愛德華·薩丕爾





维基语录上的相关摘錄： 愛德華·薩丕爾





维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：愛德華·薩丕爾


  • National Academy of Sciences biography


  • Robert Throop and Lloyd Gordon Ward: Mead Project 2.0 at spartan.ac.brocku.ca

  • Interlingua: Communication Sin Frontiera. Biographia, Edward Sapir


  • 古騰堡計劃中Edward Sapir的作品


  • 互联网档案馆中愛德華·薩丕爾的作品或关于他的作品






























规范控制


  • WorldCat Identities

  • BNE: XX1648087

  • BNF: cb12175923d (data)

  • CONOR: 8776803

  • FAST: 5475

  • GND: 118751247

  • ISNI: 0000 0001 0913 7394

  • LCCN: n50017361

  • NDL: 00455313

  • NKC: kup20030000086629

  • NNL: 000116599

  • PIC: 278323

  • SNAC: w6gt5qdd

  • SUDOC: 030318882

  • VIAF: 71432791



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