号

Multi tool use
Multi tool use





Disambig gray.svg  本文介紹的是東亞传统中的一种别名。關於与「号」名称相近或相同的条目，請見「号 (消歧義)」。











號
中文名稱

















繁體 號
简体 号
注音符號 ㄏㄠˋ
漢語拼音 hào
日文名稱

















日文汉字 号
假名 ごう ‧ がう
舊字體 號
羅馬字 gō ‧ gau
韓文名稱

















谚文 호
韩文汉字 號
文观部式 ho
馬賴式 ho
越南文名稱 (？)









國語字 hiệu
漢喃文 .mw-parser-output .han-nom{font-family:"Nom Na Tong","Han-Nom Gothic","HAN NOM A","HAN NOM B","Ming-Lt-HKSCS-UNI-H","Ming-Lt-HKSCS-ExtB","FZKaiT-Extended","FZKaiT-Extended(SIP)","FZKaiS-Extended","FZKaiS-Extended(SIP)","Sun-ExtA","Sun-ExtB","MingLiU","MingLiU-ExtB","MingLiU_HKSCS","MingLiU_HKSCS-ExtB","SimSun","SimSun-ExtB",sans-serif}
號

在中國傳統文化中，人除了有名有字之外，有时亦会为自己取號，又稱别號，别字。號是較正式的别名，以言意托志。受古代中國文化的影響，包括日本、韓國、越南等在內的東亞國家都有這樣的習慣傳統。


在東亞文化中，直呼別人之名是十分无禮的。正常來說，只有長輩能直呼其名，平輩以字相稱，後輩就用號來稱呼前輩。故稱呼別人時，對有字之人多呼其字，對有號之人則多呼其號，而不會直稱其名。如苏轼，一字子瞻，一字和仲，自號東坡居士，道號東坡道人。人多称之為苏东坡，而不會直呼其名。有些人的號因此比他的本名或字更為人所熟悉，如祝枝山（本名允明），徐霞客（本名弘祖），曹雪芹（本名霑），郑板桥（本名燮），李叔同（本名广侯），邓泽如（本名文恩）。


另外，因應不同的用途也會有不同的號，如詩號、畫號、武號等。士大夫還流行以自己的居處或書齋之號為別號，是為庵號。佛教及道教檀越或出家人為了宗教取的號，稱法號，或道號。



參考文獻


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  • Frederic, Louis (2002). "Gō." Japan Encyclopedia. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

  • Lane, Richard (1978). Images of the Floating World. Old Saybrook, CT: Konecky & Konecky.






查询維基詞典中的号。















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汉字文化圈的人名构成

民間使用


  • 汉姓

  • 氏

  • 漢名

  • 表字

  • 号

  • 本名

  • 名諱

  • 官章名

  • 譜名

  • 行輩

  • 訓名

  • 乳名

  • 绰号

  • 齋號

  • 堂号

  • 郡望

  • 法名

  • 法號

  • 化名
官方授予


  • 尊号

  • 徽号

  • 庙号

  • 谥号

  • 封号



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