叔丁基锂

Multi tool use
叔丁基锂
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IUPAC名 2-Lithio-2-methylpropane
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别名
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tert-丁基锂、t-丁基锂
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识别
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CAS号
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594-19-4 
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PubChem
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638178
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ChemSpider
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10254347
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SMILES
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Beilstein
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3587204
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UN编号
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3394
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EINECS
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209-831-5
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性质
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化学式
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C4H9Li
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摩尔质量
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64.05 g·mol⁻¹
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外观
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无色固体
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密度
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0.66 g/cm3
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熔点
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36-40 °C
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溶解性(水)
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分解
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溶解性
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烷烃
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危险性
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主要危害
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可燃
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相关物质
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相关化学品
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正丁基锂、仲丁基锂
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若非注明,所有数据均出自一般条件(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。
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叔丁基锂(化学式:(CH3)3CLi),也称t-丁基锂,是一个有机锂化合物,是有机合成中的超强碱。以簇合物存在,可以拔去很多氢碳酸的氢,包括苯。
叔丁基锂高度易燃,可在空气中自燃,储存时必须以干燥氮气保护,使用时也必须非常小心。
化学性质
叔丁基锂中C-Li键高度极化,具有以下共振式,可作碳负离子源:[1]

叔丁基锂比正丁基锂碱性更强,主要用于脱去有机化合物的活性氢,如胺及醚的α位。例如,室温下叔丁基锂可使四氢呋喃在数分钟内分解:


参考资料
^ K. P. C. Vollhardt, N. E. Schore: Organische Chemie. 3. Auflage. Wiley-VCH, 2005, ISBN 978-3527298198
X8 EMxUtm0ywiGrNTn1qidqY
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