水肿

Multi tool use
Edema |

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有水腫現象的下肢,在指壓後留下壓痕。 |
分类和外部资源 |
ICD-10
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R60.9
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ICD-9-CM
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782.3
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DiseasesDB |
9148
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MeSH |
D004487
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[编辑此条目的维基数据]
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水腫(edema、、oedema、dropsy、hydropsy;希臘語 οἴδημα oídēma, "swelling")[1],又稱浮腫,是指人體皮下空腔因體液異常堆積所產生的腫大症狀。
水肿是指血管外的组织间隙中有过多的体液积聚,为临床常见症状之一。主要由于血液或淋巴循环回流不畅、营养不良、血浆蛋白低下、肾脏和内分泌调节紊乱造成;多见于充血性心力衰竭、肝肾疾病、营养缺乏症和妊娠后期。[2]
与肥胖不同,水肿表现为手指按压皮下组织少的部位(如小腿前侧)时,有明显的凹陷。水肿是一个常见的病理过程,其积聚的体液来自血浆,其钠与水的比例与血浆大致相同。习惯上,将过多的体液在体腔中积聚称为积水(hydrops)或积液,如胸腔积水、腹腔积水、心包积水等。
中医
中国传统医学称之为“水气”,亦称为“水肿”。指体内水湿停留的一种疾患;有阳水、阴水之分:
阳水症起病急骤,恶寒发热,咳嗽咽痛,水肿多从眼睑开始,继而蔓延到头面、四肢而遍及全身,皮肤光亮,小便短小;严重者可兼见胸闷腹满,气喘不能平卧;多由肺失宣降,三焦决渎壅阻、膀胱气化功能失常所致,治疗宜祛邪,用发汗、宣肺、利湿、逐水等方法。
阴水症来势缓慢,面目、四肢肿的严重,按之凹陷不起,或水肿先于下肢,并有畏寒肢冷,面晄神疲,头晕腰酸,大便溏薄,小便短少等症,多由脾肾阳虚,不能运化水湿所造成,治疗宜扶正达邪,虚实兼顾。
参见
- 外週性水腫
- 脑水肿
全身水腫(Anasarca)
- 膠體滲透壓
参考
^ οἴδημα, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
^ Eric Chu CP. Subsiding of Dependent Oedema Following Chiropractic Adjustment for Discogenic Sciatica. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine. 2018, 5: 1-4. doi:10.5334/ejmcm.250.
外部連結
分類 |
ICD-10: R60.9
ICD-9-CM: 782.3
MeSH: D004487
DiseasesDB: 9148
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外部資源 |
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维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源:水肿
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症狀及徵象: 皮膚及皮下組織(R20–R23, 782)
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皮膚感覺干擾/ 軀體感覺障礙
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- Hypoesthesia
Paresthesia (Formication)
- Hyperesthesia
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循環 |
- 發紺
Pallor/Livedo (Livedo reticularis)
- Flushing
- 瘀點
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水肿 |
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其它相關 |
- 疹
- Desquamation
- 皮膚病
- Diaphoresis
Mass (Neck mass)
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皮膚索引
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描述 |
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疾病 |
感染
- 水皰
皮炎和濕疹
- 丘疹鱗屑性疾病
- 蕁麻疹及紅斑
- 輻射相關
- 色素沉著
- 粘蛋白沉積
- 角化病、潰瘍、萎縮、漸進性壞死
- 血管炎
- 脂肪
- 嗜中性及嗜酸性皮病
- 先天
- 腫瘤
- 症狀和特徵
- 術語
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治療 |
- 程序
- 藥物
- 抗生素
- 消毒劑
- 潤膚劑和保護劑
- 止癢劑
- 銀屑病
- 其他
- 傷口和潰瘍
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病理学:血液動力學 血流紊亂
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血液下降 |
血凝塊 |
血栓 · 血栓形成 · 腎靜脈血栓形成
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缺血 |
腦缺血 · 冠狀動脈性心臟病 · 大腸:缺血性結腸炎 · 小腸:腸繫膜缺血
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梗死 |
型態:貧血症梗死 · 出血性梗死 · 區域:心肌梗死 · 腦梗死 · 脾梗死 · 肢體梗死
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血液升高 |
出血 |
型態:瘀斑/血腫:瘀點 · 紫斑 · 瘀血 區域:腦部(流鼻血、咳血、腦出血、前房積血、結膜下出血) · 軀幹(血胸、心包積血、肺血腫) · 腹部(消化道出血、膽道出血、腹腔出血、睾丸鞘膜積血、輸卵管積血) · 關節(關節積血(關節血腫)) |
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水肿 |
型態:全身水腫 · 血管性水腫/淋巴水腫 · 滲出物/滲出液 區性:腦水腫 · 肺水腫 · 胸膜積水(水胸) · 腹水 · 輸卵管積水(輸卵管水腫) |
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其它症狀 |
充血 |
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规范控制 |
- GND: 4043127-7
- NDL: 00563796
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