代数结构

Multi tool use
在泛代数中代数结构是在一种或多种运算下封闭的一个或多个集合[1]。
例如,群、环、域、和格的代数结构。更复杂的结构可以被定义为通过引入多个操作,不同的基础集,或通过改变限定公理。更复杂的代数结构的实例包括向量空间,模和代數 (環論)。关于代数结构的的详细情况,参见各个链接。
一个代数结构包含集合及符合某些公理的运算或关系。
集U上定义二元运算形成的系统称为代数系统,如果对于任意a,b∈U,恒有(a·b)∈U。二元运算可推广至多元运算F,则相应的封闭性要求则改为:对于任意a,b,c,d,……∈U,恒有F(a,b,c,d,……)∈U。有的书上对封闭性未作要求,并称之为广群。运算f是一个从A×B→C的映射,若A=B=C,则称运算f是封闭的。
参阅
参考文献
^ P.M. Cohn. (1981) Universal Algebra, Springer, p. 41.
外部链接
(英文)Jipsen's algebra structures. Includes many structures not mentioned here.
(英文)Mathworld的抽象代数页面。
(英文)Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Algebra by Vaughan Pratt.
抽象代数相关主题
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代数结构 · 群 · 环 · 體 · 有限體 · 本原元 · 格 · 逆元素 · 等价关系 · 代數中心 · 同态 · 同构 · 商结构(商系统) · 同构基本定理 · 合成列 · 自由對象
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群论 |
群 |
幺半群 · 半群 · 阿贝尔群 · 非阿贝尔群 · 循環群 · 有限群 · 单群 · 半单群 · 典型群 · 自由群 · 交换子群(交換子) · 幂零群 · 可解群 · p-群 · 对称群 · 李群 · 伽罗瓦群
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子群 |
陪集 · 双陪集 · 商群 · 共轭类 · 拉格朗日定理 · 西羅定理 · 正规子群 · 群中心 · 中心化子和正规化子 · 稳定子群
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其他 |
阶 · 群擴張 · 群同態 · 群同構 · 群表示 · 群作用
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環論 |
环 |
子環 · 整环 · 除环 · 多项式环 · 素环 · 商环 · 諾特環 · 局部環 · 賦值環 · 環代數 · 理想 · 主理想环 · 唯一分解整環
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模 |
深度 · 單模 · 自由模 · 平坦模 · 阿廷模 · 諾特模
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其他 |
幂零元 · 特征 · 完備化 · 環的局部化
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域论 |
體 |
有限體 · 原根 · 代数闭體 · 局部體 · 分裂體 · 分式環
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體扩张 |
单扩张 · 有限扩张 · 超越扩张 · 代数扩张 · 正规扩张 · 可分扩张 · 伽罗瓦扩张 · 阿贝尔扩张
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