盲蛇科
Multi tool use
盲蛇科
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鉤盲蛇
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科學分類
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界：
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動物界 Animalia
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門：
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脊索動物門 Chordata
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綱：
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爬蟲綱 Reptilia
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目：
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有鱗目 Squamata
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亞目：
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蛇亞目 Serpentes
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下目：
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盲蛇下目 Scolecophidia
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科：
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盲蛇科 Typhlopidae
Merrem，1820
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異名
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- Typhlopidae - Merrem，1820
- Typhlopina - Müller，1832
- Typhlopsidae - Gray，1845
- Typhlopidae - Jan，1863
- Typhlopidae - Witte，1962[1]
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盲蛇科是蛇亞目下包含所有盲蛇的科，科內的蛇類主要分佈於非洲、亞洲及美洲的熱帶地區。由於盲蛇主要生活於地下，所以牠們的嘴部鱗片相當突出，呈鐵鏟狀，便於穿梭地底。盲蛇的眼睛被鱗片覆蓋著，只有上顎有牙齒，尾巴末端有一塊角狀的鱗片。大部分盲蛇都是卵生的，目前有6個屬共204個品種已被確認。[2]
地理分佈
盲蛇主要生活於熱帶及亞熱帶地區，分佈覆蓋全球，尤其在非洲、馬達加斯加、亞洲、太平洋群島、美洲及歐洲東南部。[1]
品種
屬[2]
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學名及命名者[2]
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種數[2]
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異名
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地理分佈[1]
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尖盲蛇屬
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Acutotyphlops，Wallach，1995
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5
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巴布亞新畿內亞東部及所羅門群島
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圓盲蛇屬
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Cyclotyphlops，Bosch及Ineich，1994
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1
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印尼的蘇拉威西島等地區
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鉤盲蛇屬
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Ramphotyphlops，Fitzinger，1843
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49
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長尾盲蛇[2]
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緬甸、泰國、馬來西亞、中國、香港、小巽他群島、摩鹿加群島、印尼、菲律賓、帛琉、澳洲、新畿內亞、所羅門群島等
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尖鼻盲蛇屬
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Rhinotyphlops，Fitzinger，1843
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28
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印度、中東、撒哈拉沙漠南部
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盲蛇屬T
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Typhlops，Oppel，1811
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120
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歐洲東南部、中東、亞洲熱帶及亞熱帶地區、非洲、馬達加斯加、印度洋群島、菲律賓、犘鹿加群島、新畿內亞、中美洲及南美洲
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異盲蛇屬
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Xenotyphlops，Wallach及Ineich，1996
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1
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馬達加斯加
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備註
^ 1.01.11.2 McDiarmid RW、Campbell JA、Touré T：《Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1》頁511，Herpetologists' League，1999年。ISBN 1-893777-00-6
^ 2.02.12.22.32.4 Typhlopidae. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. 2007 [14 August, 2007] （英语）.
外部連結
蛇亞目 • 蛇類列表
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脊索動物門 • 爬蟲綱 • 有鱗目 |
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| 真蛇下目 |
瘰鱗蛇科 • 筒蛇科 • 倭管蛇科 • 穴蝰科 • 蚺科 • 島蚺科 • 游蛇科 • 管蛇科
眼鏡蛇科 • 美洲閃鱗蛇科 • 蟒科 • 林蚺科 • 盾尾蛇科 • 蝰蛇科 • 閃鱗蛇科
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| 盲蛇下目 |
異盾盲蛇科 • 細盲蛇科 • 盲蛇科
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