瑷珲




瑷珲（满语：ᠠᡳ᠌ᡥᡡᠨ
ᡥᠣᡨᠣᠨ，穆麟德：aihūn hoton，太清：aihvn hoton）是中国东北的黑龙江省黑河市的旧地名，所指是清代的军事重镇——瑷珲新城，汉语亦称“黑龙江城”，在今黑龙江省黑河市瑷珲区瑷珲镇。因清俄《瑷珲条约》在此地签订而广为人知。清代时瑷珲为久切尔人聚居地，瑷珲一名为达斡尔语的汉语音译，本意为“可畏”。



历史


瑷珲城是15世纪建立的一个中国东北的城镇。瑷珲在清代是黑河副都统府驻地，设有黑龙江城水师营。1858年5月28日，俄罗斯帝国和清政府在这个城镇签订了《瑷珲条约》。1900年俄军大举入侵满洲，不久瑷珲城陷落，被俄军焚毁，原城址只余一颗松树，名为“见证松”。


民国时，设置为瑷珲县。瑷珲县驻地改为距古瑷珲以北三十多公里的黑河镇，即为现在的黑河市爱辉区的前身。1956年，在中华人民共和国的简化汉字运动中，“瑷珲县”被视为生僻字地名，改称爱辉县。60年后，2015年5月，为保存历史记忆，爱辉区下辖的爱辉镇名称又被恢复为“瑷珲”。[1]。



注释





  1. ^ http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2015-05/18/c_127813763.htm









-

Popular posts from this blog

Mount Tamalpais

Image
Mount Tamalpais Mount Tamalpais, viewed from the south Highest point Elevation 2,571 ft (784 m)   NAVD 88 [1] Prominence 2,456 ft (749 m)  [1] Listing California county high points 55th Coordinates 37°55′45″N 122°34′40″W  /  37.929088°N 122.577829°W  / 37.929088; -122.577829 Coordinates: 37°55′45″N 122°34′40″W  /  37.929088°N 122.577829°W  / 37.929088; -122.577829   [1] Geography Mount Tamalpais Marin County, California, U.S. Show map of California Mount Tamalpais Mount Tamalpais (the US) Show map of the US Parent range California Coast Ranges Topo map USGS San Rafael Geology Mountain type Sedimentary Climbing First ascent 1830s by Jacob P. Leese (first recorded ascent) [2] Easiest route Railroad Grade fire trail Mount Tamalpais ( / t æ m əl ˈ p aɪ . ɪ s / ; TAM -əl- PY -iss ; Coast Miwok: /t̪ɑmɑlˈpɑis̺/ , known locally as Mount Tam ) is a peak in Marin County, California, United State
Read more

Indian Forest Service

Image
Indian Forest Service Service Overview Preceding service Imperial Forest Service (1864 to 1935) Year of Constitution 1966 Country India Staff College Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA), Dehradun, Uttarakhand Cadre Controlling Authority Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change Legal personality Governmental: Government service General nature Administration of Forest and Wildlife resources Cadre strength 3131 (2182 Direct Recruits and 949 Promotion Posts) Website ifs.nic.in Service Chief Director General of Forests Siddhanth Das, IFS (1982 Batch, Odisha Cadre) [1] Head of the All India Civil Services Cabinet Secretary Pradeep Kumar Sinha, IAS Indian Forest Service (भारतीय वन सेवा) [2] is one of the three All India Services of the Government of India. The other two All India Services being the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Police Service (IPS). [3] [4] [5] It was constituted in
Read more

Y

Image
This article is about the letter of the alphabet. For other uses, see Y (disambiguation). See also: Wye (disambiguation) Y Y y (See below) Usage Writing system Latin script Type Alphabetic and Logographic Language of origin Latin language Phonetic usage [ y ] [ ɨ ] [ j ] [ iː ] [ ɪ ] [ ɘ ] [ ə ] [ ɯ ] [ ɛː ] [ j ] [ ɥ ] [ ɣ̟ ] / w aɪ / / aɪ / Unicode value U+0059, U+0079 Alphabetical position 25 History Development Υ υ 𐌖 Y y Time period 54 to present Descendants  • U  • V  • W  • Ỿ  • ¥  • Ꮙ  • Ꮍ  • Ꭹ Sisters F Ѵ У Ў Ұ Ү ו و ܘ וּ וֹ ࠅ 𐎆 𐡅 ወ વ ૂ ુ उ Variations (See below) Other Other letters commonly used with y(x), ly, ny This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. ISO basic Latin alphabet Aa Bb Cc D
Read more