倍比定律




在化學上，倍比定律和定比定律同為化學計量學的基本定律。倍比定律由英國化學家约翰·道尔顿提出，又名道爾頓定律。


倍比定律內容：若兩元素可以生成兩種或兩種以上的化合物時，在這些化合物中，一元素的質量固定，則另一元素的質量成簡單整數比。


此定律說明了同一元素在不同的結合形式有兩種以上的化合量。舉例而言：一氧化碳（CO）和二氧化碳（CO2）同是碳的氧化物。100克的碳和133克的氧反應以生成一氧化碳，和266克氧反應以生成二氧化碳。因此，可以和100克碳反應生成此二種碳氧化物的氧，其質量比是1:2（133:266），為簡單整數比。


道尔顿於1803年首次提出他觀察到的這個現象。在此之前幾年，法國化學家普勞斯特先提出了定比定律，指出元素由一定比例構成特定化合物。道尔顿以此為基礎提出倍比定律。這對於他之後提出的原子論有深遠的影響，並且奠定了後世使用化學式的基礎。


其實在化學史上,倍比定律的應用範圍極廣。



參見


  • 定比定律







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